Classic Studies Understanding Of How Psychological Understandig Has Developed Over Time

Question 1

Sherif

Answer 1

Found that competition gave prejudge and working together reduced it, which is still valid today
Findings where later used in 1979 to support social identity theory instead so interpretation changed
However, later issues about validity arose e.g perry interviewed the boys after the study and found that the staff were very involved in the activities so may have shaped behaviour

Question 2

Baddeley

Answer 2

STM acoustic coding before, wanted to look if encoding was the same or if it was semantic
Agreement to MSMM and emphasis on isolation of STM and LTM
HOWEVER found that it was in fact more complicated and lead to LTM and tulving making more sense
Baddeley went on to develop emma in 1970s and findings helped to make advancements to knowledge over time

Question 3

Raine et al

Answer 3

Helped to develop understanding of aggression through Brian structure
Jim fallon added on to explain that environmental trigger is needed to create aggression
Since then, further advancements have been made to increase resolution and clarity so may be outdated

Question 4

Watson and Rayner

Answer 4

Hasn’t changed over time, and same results of conditioning found in 1930 by krasnagorsky who showed that orphaned children could be classically conditioned to salivate like pavlovs dogs
However this doesn’t show the same classical conditioning of fear
Further developed by skinner and understanding of learning and that learning can be due to punishment and reinforcement
Developed by bandura and how some behaviour is conditioned by observation of others

Question 5

Rosenhan

Answer 5

Went on to make changes to the dsm as found flaws in it
System should be approached with more behaviouralist approach which avoids labels and self fulfilling consequences - when they were let out it was labelled as sz in re-admission