Naloxone CPG

Question 1

Naloxone - Presentation

Answer 1

0.4 mg in 1 mL glass ampoule

Question 2

Naloxone - Pharmacology

Answer 2

An opioid antagonist

Action:

• Prevents or reverses the effects of opioids

Question 3

Naloxone - Metabolism

Answer 3

By the liver

Question 4

Naloxone - Primary emergency indications

Answer 4

1. Altered conscious state and respiratory depression secondary to administration of opioids or related drugs

Question 5

Naloxone - Contraindications

Answer 5

1. Nil of significance in the above indication

Question 6

Naloxone - Precautions

Answer 6

1. If Pt is known to be physically dependent on opioids, be prepared for a combative Pt after administration
2. Neonates

Question 7

Naloxone - Route of administration

Answer 7

IM

IV

Question 8

Naloxone - Side effects

Answer 8

Symptoms of opioid withdrawal:

• Sweating, goose flesh, tremor
• Nausea and vomiting
• Agitation
• Dilatation of pupils, excessive lacrimation
• Convulsions

Question 9

Naloxone - Special notes

Answer 9

The duration of action of naloxone is often less than that of the opioid used, therefore repeated doses may be required.

Naloxone reverses the effects of opioids with none of the actions produced by other opioid antagonists when no opioid is present in the body. (For example, it does not depress respiration or cause pupillary constriction). In the absence of opioids, Naloxone has no perceivable effects.

Following an opioid associated cardiac arrest Naloxone should not be administered. Maintain assisted ventilation.

Following head injury Naloxone should not be administered. Maintain assisted ventilation if required.

IV effects:

Onset: 1 - 3min

Peak: n/a

Duration: 30 - 45min

IM effects:

Onset: 1 - 3min

Peak: n/a

Duration: 30 - 45min