N5104 Flashcards
What are the two broad categories of low altitude instrument approaches?
There are two broad categories of low altitude approaches: course reversals and procedure tracks.
AFMAN11-217V1 11.2
80 miles from the field, ATC clears you for an approach what is expected of you?
Unless ATC specifically clears you otherwise, you are expected to fly to the IAF and execute the full instrument approach procedure as published.
AFMAN11-217V1 11.2.1
Prior to reaching the IAF the pilot must slow to what speed?
Prior to reaching the initial approach fix, the pilot must slow to aircraft maneuvering speed. Use holding airspeed if maneuvering airspeed is not specified for your aircraft.
AFMAN11-217V1 11.2.3
What situations will you not execute a procedure turn or HILO PT approach?
Do not execute a procedure turn or HILO PT in the following situations. (Many people use the memory aid – SNERT).
- S- “Straight-in” approach.
- N- via No PT routing.
- E- Established in holding, cleared the approach, and the holding course and procedure turn course are the same. NOTE: This generally applies if you are already established at the minimum holding altitude. If in doubt, query
- R- Radar vectors to the final approach course.
- T- Timed approach, when established in holding and given a time to depart the FAF inbound.
In any of the situations described above, proceed over the FAF at the published FAF altitude and continue inbound on the final approach course without making a procedure turn, holding pattern, or any other aligning maneuver before the FAF unless otherwise cleared by ATC. If you need to make additional circuits in a published holding pattern or to become better established on course before departing the FAF, it is your responsibility to request such maneuvering from ATC. NOTE: Historically, these restrictions have created a lot of confusion between pilots and controllers. If you are ever in doubt about what ATC expects you to do, query the controller.
AFMAN11-217V1 11.3.1
Procedure turns may be safely flown up to what speed?
Procedure turns may be safely flown at speeds up to 250 KIAS provided the pilot takes into consideration all factors which may affect the aircraft‘s turn performance (e.g., winds, TAS at altitude, bank angle, etc.).
AFMAN11-217V1 11.4.1
What is the maximum speed for procedure turns that the FAA recommends?
The FAA recommends a maximum airspeed of 200 KIAS while performing procedure turn course reversals, and when possible, USAF aircraft should also observe this speed restriction. If a speed of 200 KIAS is not practical, you must exercise caution to ensure your aircraft remains in the protected airspace provided by TERPS.
AFMAN11-217V111.4.2
When using the holding method and your turn is more than 90 degrees from the outbound procedure turn course what is required of you? If it is within 90 degrees?
If your heading is not within 90° of the course, overfly the fix and turn in the shorter direction to intercept the procedure track course. If your heading is within 90° of the outbound procedure turn course, you may use normal lead points to intercept the procedure turn course outbound.
AFMAN11-217V1 11.9.2 & 11.6.1
For a teardrop entry; your outbound heading must be within ____degrees of the outbound course?
If you elect a teardrop entry, your teardrop course must be within 30 degrees of the procedure turn course. Use course guidance if it is available.
AFMAN11-217V1 11.6.2
If you intercept the procedure turn course outbound what are the procedures while continuing outbound?
Maintain the course for the remainder of the outbound leg, then turn toward the maneuvering side to reverse course.
AFMAN11-217V1 11.6.3
When do you start timing on a procedure turn approach?
Begin timing once you are outbound abeam the procedure turn fix. If you cannot determine the abeam position while in the turn, start timing after completing the outbound turn.
AFMAN11-217V1 11.6.4.
When can you descend on a procedure turn approach?
Do not descend from the procedure turn fix altitude (published or assigned) until abeam the procedure turn fix heading outbound. If unable to determine when you are abeam, start descent after completing the outbound turn. Do not descend from the procedure turn completion altitude until established on the inbound segment of the approach.
AFMAN11-217V1 11.6.5
In regards to an 80/260 and 45/180 course reversal approach what is required after reaching the IAF?
Intercept and maintain the procedure turn course outbound as soon as possible after passing the procedure turn fix.
AFMAN11-217V111.7.2
When can you descend on a 80/260 or
45/180 course reversal approach?
Do not descend from the procedure turn fix altitude (published or assigned) until abeam the procedure turn fix and on a parallel or intercept heading to the outbound track. Do not descend from the procedure turn completion altitude until established on the inbound segment of the approach. NOTE: When flying procedure turns designed in FAA airspace, there is no requirement to wait until you are on a parallel or intercept heading to begin descent from the procedure turn fix altitude; however, when flying these types of course reversals in ICAO airspace, this procedure is MANDATORY due to different TERPS criteria. In the interest of forming good habit patterns, the ICAO method has been adopted by the USAF as procedural.
AFMAN11-217V111.7.3
When starting the 45/180 course reversal how long will you time if on the 45 degree turn outbound? Cat A & B? Cat C, D, & E?
Begin timing upon initiating the 45° turn; time for 1 minute (Categories A and B) or 1 minute and 15 seconds (Categories C, D, and E); then begin a 180° turn in the opposite direction from the initial turn to intercept the procedure turn course inbound.
AFMAN11-217V111.7.4.1
On a HILO approach when ATC clears you the approach when will you start it?
If cleared for the approach while holding in a published HILO PT, complete the holding pattern and commence the approach without making additional turns in the holding pattern (altitude permitting). If an additional turn is needed to lose excessive altitude, request clearance from ATC since additional circuits of the holding pattern are not expected by ATC. If the aircraft is at an altitude from which the approach can be safely executed and you are ready to turn inbound immediately, you may request approval for an early turn from ATC.
AFMAN11-217V111.8.3