N11 - Sensory (Newton) Flashcards
enteroreceptors
within body
Rapid adaptors
Pacinian
Meissner
Endings around hairs
Free nerve endings –> varies
increase sensitivity of nerve endings
prostaglandins
Substance P
Nerve fiber:
sharp pain
cold receptors
hair receptors
visceral receptors
ADelta
(5-30 m/sec)
environmental stimulus in whcih each receptor is maximally responseive
Adequate stimulus
Efferents to extrafusal muscle fibers
alpha
(70-120 m/sec)
Efferents to intrafusal muscle fibers
gamma
(10-50 m/sec)
nerve fiber:
most nociceptors
dull, aching
warmth
itch
some touch
some visceral
postganglionic autonoimc efferents
C
(0.5-2 m/sec unmyelinated)
Slow adapting
Monitors muscle tension during contraction
GTO
merkel cells
touch
golgi tendon organs
1b
(70-120 m/sec)
meissner
discrim. touch
free nerve endings
pain
temperature
itch
touch
ruffini ending
pressure
Krause end bulb
thermal (cold)
muscle spindle primary endings
1a
(70-120 m/sec)
encapsulated endings
endings with accessory structures
meissner
merkel
muscle spindle secondary endings
ABeta
(30-70 m/sec)
different energy types
sensory modalities
bind to bare nerve endings
5HT
Histamine
K
ACh
Proteolytic enzymes
exteroreceptors
external environment
proprioreceptors
body position
joint movement
muscle tone
slow adaptors
Merkel
Ruffini
Krause
Free nerve endings –> varies
endings around hairs
touch
Encode brail
Merkel & Meissner
Cause itch, flare, & edema
glutamate
neuropeptides
- both from free nerve endings
Preganglionic autonomic efferents
B fiber
(3-15 m/sec)
gamma-efferent nn.
contraction of intrafusal mm.
pacinian
vibration
