N. Gonorrhae and Chlamydia Flashcards
What are the virulence factors of N. gonorrhoeae?
Pili, LOS, opa, porins A and B, IgA protease
How is it categorized? (6 things)
Gram neg, diplococci, aerobic/facultative, catalase-pos, oxidase-pos, human-restricted
How is growth of N. gonorrhoeae on blood agar? What are your alternatives for growth?
Inhibited and overgrown by normal flora on nonselective media; Thayer-Martin if normal flora (genital, nasopharyngeal), chocolate if normally-sterile (CSF, blood)
How does the host defend against N. gonorr? What predisposes to complications?
IgG-enhanced complement and PMNs, containing gonococcus;
Complement deficiency
_______ gonococcus in women leads to ________
Asymptomatic/untreated; PID
What four things can follow bacteremia?
Serous complications: DGI, septic arthritis, meningitis, endocarditis
How do you protect neonates from N. gonorr?
Prophylactic eye ointment (avoid blindness)
How do you test for N. gonorr?
Test with culture and gram stain; DNA testing available
What does Greenblatt love to say for protection against gonorrhea? How can you treat these patients?
CONDOMS!!
Ceftriaxone, cefotaxime; admit if complications
Chlamydia is a _____, ______ ______ bacterium. What drugs do you have to use?
small, obligate intracellular;
Those that penetrate human cell membrane
How does chlamydia begin its replication?
tiny, infectious, rugged EB’s which unpack into RB’s after infection
What do RB’s form? How do they then multiply? What is later made?
Intracellular inclusions visible on microscopy; binary fission; new RB’s and later new EB’s
What is T3SS?
Virulence factor used for entry and establishing inclusion body
What four things can C trachomatis cause?
Lymphogranuloma Venereum, blinding trachoma, pneumonia, and urogenital “chlamydia”
Treatment for chlamydia can often be initiated how? What else can be done?
Physical findings; additional diagnostics that could help with something like tissue culture for C trachomatis in rape victims
