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Question 1

802 standards

Answer 1

A family of standards, published by the LAN/MAN Standards Committee of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), that define technologies working at the Physical and Data Link layers of the OSI model.

Question 2

addressing (network)

Answer 2

In order to communicate on a network, each host must have an address. Different protocols use different methods of addressing. For example, IPv4 uses a 32-bit binary number, typically expressed as a 4-part decimal number (dotted decimal notation), while IPv6 uses a 128-bit binary number expressed in hexadecimal. A routable addressing scheme such as IP also provides identification for distinct networks as well as hosts.

Question 3

API

Answer 3

(application programming interface) A library of programming utilities used, for example, to enable software developers to access functions of the TCP/IP network stack under a particular operating system.

Question 4

Application layer

Answer 4

OSI model layer providing support to applications requiring network services (file transfer, printing, email, databases, and so on).

Question 5

contention

Answer 5

A media access method in which nodes compete or cooperate among themselves for media access time. Also called competitive media access.

Question 6

Data Link layer

Answer 6

OSI model layer responsible for transferring data between nodes. This layer is split into two sublayers: Media Access Control (MAC) and Logical Link.

Question 7

encryption

Answer 7

A security technique that converts data from plain, or cleartext form, into coded, or ciphertext form, so that only authorized parties with the necessary decryption information can decode and read the data.

Question 8

Ethernet

Answer 8

A set of networking technologies and media access methods, originally specified for LANs but now widely used on MANs and WANs too.

Question 9

frame

Answer 9

The basic unit of data transmitted at layer 2. Frames contain the source and target MAC (hardware) addresses and also the data and error checking regions.

Question 10

header

Answer 10

A unit of information that precedes a data object, but is considered to be part of the data packet, and contains information about the file or the transmission.

Question 11

host

Answer 11

In TCP/IP networking terminology, a device that can directly communicate on a network. In this sense, it is similar to a node.

Question 12

IEEE

Answer 12

(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Formed as a professional body to oversee the development and registration of electronic standards. Examples of IEEE standards include the 802 protocols that describe the function and architecture of different network technologies.

Question 13

interface

Answer 13

A means of connection that enables network nodes to communicate.

Question 14

ISO

Answer 14

(International Organization for Standardization) Develops many standards and frameworks governing the use of computers, networks, and telecommunications, including ones for information security (27000 series).

Question 15

link

Answer 15

Communication pathways between network nodes.

Question 16

LLC sublayer

Answer 16

(Logical Link Control sublayer) A division of the Data Link layer described by the IEEE. It is responsible for establishing and maintaining a link between communicating devices for the transmission of frames.

Question 17

local address

Answer 17

Any interface address that resides on the same network as a given node.

Question 18

logical topology

Answer 18

A topology that describes the data-flow patterns in a network.

Question 19

MAC sublayer

Answer 19

(Media Access Control sublayer) A division of the Data Link layer described by the IEEE. It is responsible for defining how multiple network interfaces share a common transmission medium.

Question 20

modem

Answer 20

A device that enables digital data to be sent over an analog medium, such as a telephone line.