Myofascial Release Flashcards
________ = connective tissue layers composed of collagen fibers (occasionally also elastin) in an amorphous matrix of hydrated proteoglycans, which mechanically links the collagen fiber networks in these structures
Fascia
Which fascial layer is the outermost layer, derived from somatic mesenchyme and surrounds entire body with exception of orifices; outer layer is adipose tissue and inner layer is membranous and adherent?
Pannicular fascia
What type of fascia is aka the investing layer, internal to and fused with the pannicular layer, surrounding all muscles, periosteum of bone, and peritendon of tendons?
Axial and appendicular fascia
What type of fascia surrounds the nervous system, including the dura?
Meningeal fascia
What type of fascia surrounds the body cavities (pleural, pericardial, and peritendeum)
Visceral fascia
T/F: the majority of stretch receptors for muscles and proprioception (balance) exist in the muscle
False! 75% of stretch receptors for muscles and proprioception consist of free endings in FASCIA
______ is the force that attempts to deform a CT structure
_____ is the percentage of deformation of a CT
Stress; strain
The difference between the loading and unloading characteristics represents energy that is lost in the CT system, this energy loss is termed _______
Hysteresis
[stretching Ct into its plastic deformational range will bring about lengthening of the tissue
During cyclic loading of a tendon, the stress-strain curve gradually shifts to the _____
Right
______ refers to the idea that CT under a sustained, constant load (below failure threshold, will elongate (deform) in response to the load
Creep
What is Newton’s third law?
When 2 bodies interact, the force exerted by one is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to forces exerted by the other
What is Hooke’s law?
The strain (deformation) placed on an elastic body is in proportion to the stress (force) placed upon it
What is Wolff’s law?
Bone will develop according to the stresses placed upon it
[same applies to fascia]
What is Sherrington’s law?
When a muscle receives a nerve impulse to contract, its antagonists simultaneously receive an impulse to relax
What are the transition zones of the spine and what are the associated transverse restrictors?
OA, C1, C2 (tentorium cerebelli)
C7, T1 (thoracic inlet)
T12, L1 (thoracolumbar diaphragm)
L5, sacrum (pelvic diaphragm)
What type of OMT techniques utilize a system of diagnosis and treatment directed toward tissues other than skeletal or arthrodial elements?
Soft tissue techniques
What are 2 relative contraindications to soft tissue treatments?
Severe osteoporosis
Acute injuries
What are some absolute contraindications to soft tissue techniques?
Tx in the local region of:
Fracture, dislocation Neurologic entrapment syndrome Serious vascular compromise Local malignancy Local infection Bleeding disorders
_____ = a treatment system in which combined procedures are designed to stretch and reflexively release patterned soft tissue and joint related restrictions
INR (integrated neuromuscular release)
What are some indications for MFR?
Somatic dysfunction
When HVLA or ME is contraindicated
When counterstrain may be difficult secondary to a patient’s inability to relax
What are the 2 absolute contraindications to using MFR?
Lack of patient consent
Absence of somatic dysfunction
What are some relative contraindications of MFR?
Infection of soft tissue or bone
Fracture, avulsion, dislocation
Metastatic disease
Soft tissue injuries: thermal, hematoma, open wounds
Post-op patient with wound dehiscence
Rheumatologic condition with instability of cervical spine
DVT or AC therapy
An MFR treatment endpoint may be palpated as a 3 dimensional release palpated as….
Warmth
Softening
Increased compliance with ROM
During unilateral forearm fulcrum forward bending technique, to stretch the ______ muscle opposite the hand placed on the shoulder: rotate and side bend towards your elbow
Trapezius
During unilateral forearm fulcrum forward bending technique, to stretch the _______ _______ muscles opposite the hand placed on the shoulder: rotate and side bend towards the hand placement
Posterior scalenes
What is the most common location of TrPs in the gluteus maximus?
TrP2: Pain in the entire buttocks, may be felt deep within
Does not refer to the coccyx or anal region
What are some gluteus medius TPs?
Pain along SI joint and PSIS
Centered and just below iliac crest
Just below iliac crest and closer to ASIS - pain in sacrum
Pain in which gluteal muscle may refer down the lateral leg?
Gluteus minimus m.
What are the deep hamstring muscles? Superficial hamstrings?
Deep: semimembranosus, biceps femoris SH
Superficial: biceps femoris LH, semitendinosus
