Myocardial ischemia and infarction Flashcards

1
Q

What is the terrible triad

A

Ischemia
Injury
Infarction

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2
Q

What is ischemia? How does it appear on an ECG

A

Poor blood supply and hypoxia

Inverted T-waves

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3
Q

Is ischemia reversible

A

yes

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4
Q

How quickly does ischemia occur in an MI

A

within seconds of onset

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5
Q

Injury may appear which 2 ways on an ECG

A

Elevated ST Segment

Depressed ST segment

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6
Q

How does infarction appear on an ECG

A

Abnormal Q waves + QRS Complexes

Can also have increased R waves

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7
Q

Is infarction reversible?

A

No

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8
Q

Infarction occurs ____ after onset

A

2 hours after

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9
Q

Is injury reversible

A

yes

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10
Q

When does injury occur

A

20-40 mins

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11
Q

Bradycardia = ___BPM

A

<60bpm

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12
Q

Tachycardia = ___ BPM

A

> 100 bpm

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13
Q

What causes a 1st degree AV block

A

Prolonged conduction in AV node (PR interval >0.02s)

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14
Q

What does the P-wave look like in a 1st degree AV block

A

normal

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15
Q

how many types of 2nd degree AV block are there? what are they?

A

2
MOBITZ Type 1 (Wenckeback): Block occurs at AV node and is transient
MOBITZ Type 2: Block occurs at bundle branches/bundle of His

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16
Q

How does a type 1 second degree AV block appear on an ECG

A

PR lengthens until totally blocked - no QRS follows a P causing a missed beat

17
Q

How does a type 2 second degree AV block appear on an ECG

A

Abrupt drop of QRS, but PR interval normal

18
Q

What is a 3rd degree AV block

A

Block at at AV node, bundle of His OR bundle branches

complete disassociation between atria and ventricles - independent atrial and ventricular rate (atrial faster)

19
Q

How does a 3rd degree bundle branch block appear on an ECG

A

QRS is longer