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Hematology > Myeloid Malignancies > Flashcards

Myeloid Malignancies Flashcards

1
Q

Cell markers in AML

A

CD13, 33, myeloperoxidase, and Auer Rods

Elderly

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2
Q

Cell markers in ALL

A

CD2, 3, 7, TdT (T cell markers)
CD 19, 22, 10 , TdT (B cell markers)
Kids

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3
Q

Chromosomal abnormalities in AML

A

t(8;21) and t(15;17) have good prognosis

Missing chromosome 5 or 7 has bad prognosis

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4
Q

Chromosomal abnormalities in ALL

A

t(12;21) has good prognosis

t(9;22) and t(4;11) have bad prognosis

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5
Q

Chromosomal abnormality in APML
What does it stand for?
Treatment

A

Acute promyelocytic leukemia
t(15;17)
All-trans retinoid acid, induces differentiation of blasts

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6
Q

What does hydroxyurea do?

A

Inhibits ribonucleotide redutase

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7
Q

What 2 things are pathognomonic for Myelodysplastic Syndrome?

A

Ringed sideroblasts and Pseudo Pelger-Huet cells

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8
Q

What gene is mutated in myeloproliferative disorders?

A

JAK2 (or calreticulin or MPL)

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9
Q

What gene is mutated in CML?

A

BCR-ABL

Philadelphia Chromosome t(9;22)

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10
Q

What is used to treat CML?

A

Imatinib

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11
Q

Polycythemia vera carries risk of progression to what?

A

AML

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12
Q

What is erythromelalgia?

What condition is it involved in?

A

Burning / welling in hands / feet.

Essential thrombocythemia

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13
Q

Which MPS has best overall prognosis? Worst?

A

Best: Essential Thrombocythemia
Worst: Primary myelofibrosis

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14
Q

What do tear drop cells indicate?

A

Primary myelofibrosis

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15
Q

Treatment for primary myelofibrosis (3)

A
  • Control spleen size w/ ruxolitinib, hydroxyurea, radiation, and surgery
  • Control inflammation w/ ruxolitinib
  • Cure – stem cell transplant
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16
Q

Myelodysplastic Syndrome carries risk of progression to what?

A

AML

17
Q

Treatment for myelodysplastic Syndrome

A
  • Low risk – improve cell counts w/ epo, prevent iron overload, lenalidomide good for mutation in chromosome 5. Focus on quality of life.
  • High risk – chemo or bone marrow transplant.

Hematology (8 decks)

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