Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)

Question 1

What is MDS?

Answer 1

An acquired neoplastic disorder of haematopoietic stem cells.

Question 2

Risk Factors of MDS (2).

Answer 2

1. 60+.

2. Previous Chemo/Radiotherapy.

Question 3

Aetiology of MDS.

Answer 3

Myeloid Bone Marrow cells do not mature properly so healthy blood cells are not produced.

Question 4

Clinical Presentation of MDS.

Answer 4

1. Anaemia - Fatigue, Pallor, SOB.
2. Neutropenia - Frequent/Severe Infections.
3. Thrombocytopenia - Purpura/Bleeding.

Question 5

Investigations of MDS.

Answer 5

1. Incidental Finding - FBC Abnormal.
2. Blood Film : Blasts.
3. Diagnosis : Bone Marrow Biopsy.

Question 6

Management of MDS.

Answer 6

1. Watchful Waiting.
2. Supportive Treatment with Blood Transfusions.
3. Chemotherapy.
4. Stem Cell Transplantation.

Question 7

Prognosis of MDS.

Answer 7

Increased risk of AML Transformation.