Mycoses Flashcards by Ellen Bravo

Most virulent among human mycotic agents

Coccidiodes immitis

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Diagnostic feature of B. dermititidis

Double contoured wall

Broad based bud

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MOT of C. immitis

Inhalation of barrel shaped arthroconidia

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Produce endospores into the bloodstream

Spherules

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Infects what part of the blood. H. capsulatum

Buffy coat layer-WBC

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Diseases in C. immitis

Desert fever
San Joaquin Valley fever
desert Rheumatism
Desert bumps

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Resides in soil with high nitrogen content

Histoplasma capsulatum

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MOT of H. capsulatum

Inhalation of microconidia

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H. capsulatum resemble what fungus?

Candida glabrata

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Paracoccidiomycoses

South American blastomycosis
Lutz-Splendore-Almeida disease
Brazilian blastomycosis
Paracoccidioidal granuloma

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Presence of brown Rhizoids

Rhizopus

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Diagnostic feature of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Mariner’s wheel appearance of the yeast
Narrow based
Mickey mouse cap appearance of buds

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Only dimorphic and pathogenic Penicillium

Penicillium marneffei

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Premier caused of yeast infection. Color green in CHROM agar

Candida albicans

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Histoplasmosis

Reticuloendothelial cytomycosis
Cave disease
Spelunkers disease
Darling disease
Ohio valley fever

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Most notorious agents of yeast infections

Candida spp.

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Opportunistic mycoses without rhizoids

Mucor

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Hyaline saprophyte . Second most isolated fungi

Aspergillus

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Fungus ball in the lungs

Aspergillus spp.

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Hyalin saprophyte seen in mycotic keratitis

Fusarium

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Stain used to detect capsule

India ink

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Most notable pathogen

Cryptococcus neoformans

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Specie most common isolated from human. Pneumocystis

Pneumocystis jiroveci

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Classified with protozoan. Commonly found on rats

Pneumocystis carinii

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Teleomorph form of B. dermititidis

Ajellomyces dermititidis

Macroconidia of fusarium

Banana or canoe shaped

Diagnostic feature of H. capsulatum

Tuberculate macroconidia

Causative agent of cryptococcal meningitis

Cryptococcus neoformans

Specimen of choice for Cryptococcus neoformans

Csf

Mode of differentiation for Cryptococcus neoformans

Production of phenol oxidase

Disease cause by malassezia furfur

Tinea versicolor

Inhabits the lungs of many mammals

Pneumocystis

MOT of pneumocystis

Inhalation of cyst

Predictive factor for developing aspergillosis

Neutropenia

Disease cause by B. dermititidis

Gilchrist disease North American Blastomycosis Chicago disease

Masters wand or elders wand appearance

Altenaria

Affects the entire system

Systemic mycoses

Fungal diseases that affect only the cornified layer

Superficial mycoses

Appear as pale patches in individual with dark skin

Tinea versicolor

Morphologic characteristic of M.furfur

Spaghetti and meatballs

MOT of M.furfur

Direct contact

Grows only on SDA at room temperature. Forms brown, restricted colonies that remain sterile

Piedraia hortae

Disease caused by P.hortae

Black piedra

The nodules of black piedra contain

Asci with eight ascospore

Thick walled rhomboid cells containing ascospore are seen

Black piedra

Common cause of white piedra

Trichosporon beigelii

Occurs on the hair shaft characterized by a soft mycelial mat surrounding hair of the scalp, face and pubic region

White piedra

Requires lipid for growth

Malassezia furfur

Produce both Arthroconidium and blastoconidium

Trichosporon spp

Produces shiny, moist, yeastlike colonies that start with a brownish coloration that eventually turns olive to greenish black

Hortaea werneckii

Brown to black nonscaly macules that occur most often on the palms of the hnads and soles of the feet

Tinea nigra

Specific conidia seen in tinea nigra

Anneloconidia

General description of dermatophytes

Keratinophilic

Produces macroconidia and microconidia

Dermatophytes

Human dermatophytes

Arthrophilic

Beard hair

Tinea barbae

Glabrous skin

Tinea corporis

Affecting the hand

Tinea manuum

Affecting the nails

Tinea unguium or onychomycosis

Affecting the groin

Tinea cruris or jock itch

Affecting the feet

Tinea pedis

Causative agent of favus

Trichophyton schoenleinii

Spindle shaped macroconidia

Microsporum canis

Fusiform macroconidia

Microsporum gypseum

Microconidia and macroconidia of Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Micro- tear shaoed | Macro- cigar shaped

Clavate or peg shaped microconidia

Trichophyton rubrum

Positive result of hair perforation test

V shaped

Only organism positive for hair baiting test

Microsporum gypseum

Organism who produced red pigment along cornmeal agar and PDA

Trichophyton rubrum

Agricultural workers are often affected

Subcutaneous mycoses

Chronic mycoses of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Lesion are usually confined in lower extremities

Chromoblastomycosis

Distinguishing or diagnostic feature of chromoblastomycosis

Sclerotic body and cauliflower like surface

Infection that arises at the site of inoculation. Characterized by swelling with characteristics exudate draining to the skin surface through sinus traits

Eumycotic mycetomas

Rosette microconidia

Sporothrix schenckii

Organisms under chromoblastomycosis

``` Fonsecaea compacta F. Pedrosoi Phialophora verrucosa Cladophialophora carrionii Rhinocladiella aquaspersa ```

Organism under eumycotic mycetomas

``` Pseudallescheria boydii Acremonium falciforme Madurella mycetomatis Madurella grisei Exophiala jeanselmi ```

Mycotic diseases caused by darkly pigmented fungi.. Produces olivaceous to black colonies that ate initially yeast like but become velvety at maturity

Subcutaneous phaeohypomycosis

Distinguishing feature of S.schenckii

Asteroid body

Associated with gardening. Rose handler disease

Sporothrix schenckii

Infection that occurs on the hairs of the scalp. Produces hard dark brown to black gritty nodules that are firmly attached to the hair shaft

Black piedra

Result from traumatic implantation of foreign objects into the deep layers of the skin permitting the fungus to gain entry into the host

Subcutaneous mycoses