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FIRST AID CHAPTERS > Mycology > Flashcards

Mycology Flashcards

1
Q

Systemic mycoses

A

Histoplasmosis
Blastomycosis
Coccidiomycosis
Paracoccidioididomycosis

*NO person to person transmission

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2
Q

Tx for LOCAL infection by systemic mpycoses

A

fluconazole
itraconazole

Amphotericin B for systemic

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3
Q

MISSISSIPI and OHIO river valleys
cause PNEUMONIA
Bad/bird droppings

HIDES in MPHAGES

A

HISTO

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4
Q

EAST of Mississipii and CENTRAL AMERICA yo!

inflammatory lung disease that can disseminate to BONE

forms GRANULOMATOUS NODULES

BROAD BASE BUDDING……..

A

BLASTO buds broadly….

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5
Q

SW US and California

pneumonia and meningitis

EARTHQUAKES release spores into air

forms SPHERULES filled w/ ENDOSPORES in tissues

A

Coccdio CROWDS in CALIFORNIA

*desert bumps= erythema noduosum
desert rheumatism- arthralgias

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6
Q

LATIN AMERICA

super cool looking budding yeast in a captain wheel formation

A

paracoccidioidomyocses

paracoccidio parasails w/ the captains wheel all the way ot latin america

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7
Q

Branching SEPTATE HYPHAE on KOH prep w/ BLUE fungal stain

A

Dermatophyte!….aka cutaneous fungal infections

Microsporum
Trichophyton
Epidermophyton

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8
Q

tinea capitis

A

Head and scalp
lymphadenopathy
alopecia
sclaing

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9
Q

Tinea corpis

A

BODY

ringworm (erythematous SCALING rings w/ a central clearing)

contact form infected cat/dog

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10
Q

tinea cruris

A

inguinal area

NO central clearing

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11
Q

Tinea pedis

A

interdigital- MC
mocassin
vesicular

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12
Q

Tinea unguium

A

onchomycosis

NIALS!!

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13
Q

Tinea Versicolor AKA….spaghetti and meatballs that occurs in SUMMER

A

yeas like fungus

degradation of LIPIDS> ACIDS….that damage MELANOCYTES> hypopigmentation or PINK patches

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14
Q

Opportunistic fungal infections

A 
Candida
Aspergillus
Croptoccous
Mucor/RHizopus
PCJ
Sporothrix schenckii
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15
Q

Pseudohyphae and budding yeasts at 20

GERM TUBES AT 37

A

CANDIDA ALBICANS

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16
Q

Septate hyphae that branch at FORTy FIVE degree angles

conidiophore /w radiationg chains of spores (SEEDING DANDELION!)

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

ACUTE Angles AFLATOXINS…not dimorphic

17
Q

Yeasts w/ wide capsular halos and unequal budding on INDIA INK stain

A

Cryptococcus neoformas

18
Q

irregular, braod NONSEPTATE hypae branching at WIDE angles

A

MUCORmycosis

19
Q

IC: oral and esophageal thrush
DIabetics/ABx: vulvovaginitis
IV drug users: endocarditis

A

Candida

20
Q

Asthma/CF: Allergic bronchopulomonary aspergiloosis> BRONCHIECTASIS AND EOSINOPHILIA

After TB infection: Aspergillomas in LUNG CAVITIES

A

Aspergillus…the SEEDING DANDELION

can produce AFLATOXIN > hepatocellular carcinoma

21
Q

Soil, pigeon droppings

inhaled> hematogenous dissemination to meninges> SOAP BUBBLE LESIONS IN BRAIN

A

Cryptococcus neoformas

22
Q

STaine w/ india inck and mucicarmine (REDDDD) but latex agglutination test for the polysaccharide capsular Ag is MORE SPECIFIC

A

Cryptococcus

23
Q

Fungus in ketoacidotic diabetic/ neutropenic pts

A

MUCOR and RHIZPHOUS

24
Q

fungi proliferate in VESSEL walls> penetrate cribiform plate and enter the BRAINNNNN

Frontal lobe abscess
cavernous sinus thrombosus
Black eschar on the face
CN involvement possible

A

Mucor
Rhizopus

Surgical debride
ampho B

25
Q

Most infections by this opportunistic fungi are asymptomatic but if you’re immunosuppressed….

Diffuse interstitial pneumonia
bilateral GROUND GLASS opacities on CXR

A

PCJ

26
Q

Dx of PCJ

A

lung biopsy/lavage

disc shaped yeast on methenamine SILLLLLVER stain

27
Q

when do you start prophylaxis for PCJ

A

CD4

28
Q

CIGAR shaped budding yeast htat lives on VEGETATION
SPORES introduced by THORN prick
leads to ULCER/PUSTULE w/ nodules along the draining lymphatics (ASCENDING LYMPAHNGITIS)

A

Sporothrix schenckii

29
Q

tx for sporothrix scenckii

A

plant a ROSE in a POTassium iodide (or itraconazole)

FIRST AID CHAPTERS (17 decks)

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