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Microbiology > Mycology > Flashcards

Mycology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Ingestion of contaminated peanuts and grains causes liver cancer due to AFLUTOXIN

A

Aspergillus flavus

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1
Q

Liver necrosis due to AMANITIN and PHYLLOIDIN

A

Amanita mushrooms

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2
Q

Inhalation of the spores causes allergic bronchi pulmonary aspergillosis (IgE-mediated)

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

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3
Q

Complex carbohydrate cell walls

A

Chitin
Glucan
Mitochondria

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4
Q

Major membrane sterol

A

Ergosterol

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5
Q

Study of fungi

A

Mycology

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6
Q

Infect only superficial keratinization structures

A

Dermatophytoses

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7
Q

3 important dermatophytes

A

Microsporum canis
Trichophyton tonsurans
Epidermophyton floccosum

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8
Q

Spectrum of disease ( dermatophytoses)

A 
Tinea pedis
Tinea unguium
Tinea corporis
Tinea cruris (jock itch)
Tinea manum
Tinea capitis
Tinea barbae affects facial hair
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9
Q

Diagnosis (dermatophytoses)

A

Green fluorescence on Wood’s lamp
Sabourad’s agar: hyphae and conidia
10% KOH: septate hyphae

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10
Q

Superficial skin infection of cosmetic importance
Hypopigmented areas
Spaghetti and meatballs appearance on 10% KOH
Tx: MICONAZOLE

A

Tinea Versicolor ( Malassezia Furfur)

“AN-AN”

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11
Q

Dimorphic fungus that lives on vegetation
Occurs most often in gardeners, especially those who prune roses
Transmission: thorn prick
Tx: ITRACONAZOLE or POTASSIUM IODIDE

A

Sporotrichosis (Sporothrix Schenckii)

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12
Q

Dermatophytoses
Malassezia Furfur
Sporothrix Schenckii

A

Cutaneous mycoses

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13
Q

Dimorphic fungus that exists as a mold in soil and as a spherule in tissue
Endemic in arid regions of the southwestern US and Latin America
Very common in Filipinos living in Latin America and southwestern USA
Inhalation of arthrospores

A

Coccodoides immitis

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14
Q

Spectrum of disease (coccidiodes immitis)

A 
Valley of fever
Influenza like illness
Lung infiltrates, adenopathy, or effusions
Erythema nodosum (dessert bumps)
Arthralgias
Meningitis
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15
Q

Valley fever

Treatment (DOC)

A

Amphotericin B or itraconazole

Fluconazole (meningitis)

16
Q

Dimorphic fungus
Endemic in Ohio and Mississippi River valleys
Grows in soil contaminated with bird droppings
Starling or bat guano
Transmission: inhalation of airborne microconidia

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

17
Q

Two types of asexual spores ( histoplasma capsulatum)

A

Tuberculate macroconidia

Microconidia

18
Q

Typical thick walls and fingerlike projections

Important in laboratory identification

A

Tuberculate macroconidia

19
Q

Smaller, thin, smooth-walled spores

If inhaled, transmit the infection

A

Microconidia (histoplasma capsulatum)

20
Q 
Dimorphic fungus
Round yeast with broad-base bud
Endemic in Eastern North America 
Spectrum of disease: BLASTOMYCOSIS 
most common cause of fungal pneumonia
Tx: itraconazole (DOC), amohotericin B for severe infections
A

Blastomyces Dermatitidis

21
Q

Dimorphism fungus
Thick yeast with multiple buds in wheel configuration (mariner’s wheel)
Restricted to Central and South America

A

Paracoccidioides Brasiliensis

22
Q

Indeterminate organism
Major surface glycoprotein undergoes programmed rearrangements
Diagnosis by staining BAL washings

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci

23
Q

Sacrophytic molds with nonseptate hyphae with walls and branches at right angles
Rhino-orbital-cerebral infection with eschar formation
Patients with DKA, burns, or leukemia

A

Mucormycosis

Rhizopus Oryzae and Mucor spp

24
Q

Exist only as molds

Septate hyphae that for, V-shaped dichomotomous branches

A

Aspergillus fumigates

25
Q

Can you name two mimickers of PTB?

A

Histoplasma

Paragonimus westermani

26
Q

Oval yeast with narrow-based bud surrounded by a wide polysaccharide capsule seen in INDIA INK PREPARATION
positive latex agglutination test (CALAS)
Transmission: bird droppings
A symptomatic lung infection

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

27
Q

Dermatophytoses

A 
Tinea pedis
Tinea ungulum
Tinea corporis
Tinea cruris
Tinea magnum
Tinea capitis
Tinea barbae
28
Q

Athlete’s foot

A

Tinea pedis

29
Q

Jock itch

A

Tinea cruris

30
Q

Spaghetti and meatballs appearance on 10% KOH

Hypopigmented areas

A

Malasezzia furfur

31
Q

Gardener

A

Sporothrix schenkii

32
Q

Lung infiltrates, adenopathy or effusions

Erythema nodusum (dessert bumps)

Arthralgias

Meningitis

A

Coccidiodes immitis

33
Q

Closely mimics TB
Chronic pneumonia

Erythema nodusum

Tongue ulcerations in AIDS patients

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

34
Q

Dimorphic yeast

Chornic pneumonia

Ulcerated granulomas

Lytic bone lesions

Prostatitis

A

Blastomyces dermatidis

35
Q

Oral thrush

Vulvovaginitis (curd like discharge)

Intertigo

Satellite lesions

Onychomycosis

Esophagitis

A

Candida albicans

36
Q

Mariner’s wheel

A

Paracoccidiodes Brasiliensis

Microbiology (23 decks)

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