Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

C175 Data Management Foundations > My Addition > Flashcards

My Addition Flashcards

1
Q

What is data?

A

Data can exist in various forms such as numeric, textual, visual, or audio, and is used to describe real-world systems.

Data is essential for understanding and analyzing different aspects of reality.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Based on scope, how can data be characterized?

A
  1. global data: accessible to everyone within a system
  2. scoped data: restricted to specific users or groups, allowing access only to a defined subset of information within the system

Data varies in scope, format, and access.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How can data be represented?

A

Data can be represented as numbers, text, images, audio, or video.

Different formats allow for diverse applications of data in various fields.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does data access refer to?

A
  • Data can be private to organizations or
  • Publicly available due to regulations.

This distinction is crucial for understanding data privacy and sharing policies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What was the historical context of data?

A
  1. Historically, data was mostly analog, encoded as continuous variations on various physical media.
  2. Today, data is mostly digital, encoded as zeros and ones on electronic and magnetic media.

This transition has enabled the development of large databases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an information management system?

A

An information management system is a software application that manages corporate data for a specific business function.

These systems are vital for efficient data handling in organizations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What components typically comprise an information management system?

comprise: consist of

A

An information management system usually includes:
* A database system
* A user interface
* Business logic
* Interfaces to other systems

These components work together to facilitate data management.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the primary roles in database management?

A

Roles in database management include:

  1. Database Administrator
  2. Database Designer
  3. Database Programmer
  4. Database User

Each role has distinct responsibilities crucial for effective database operation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the role of a Database Administrator?

A

A Database Administrator ensures security and user access.

This role is critical for protecting sensitive data.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does a Database Designer do?

A

A Database Designer structures the data and database format for quick access.

Effective design is key to database performance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the responsibility of a Database Programmer?

A

A Database Programmer writes applications using databases.

This role bridges the gap between users and data.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who are Database Users?

A

Database Users consume data, request, or update information.

Users play a vital role in leveraging data for decision-making.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What defines a Database?

A

Databases are defined as organized collections of data.

This organization enables efficient data retrieval and management.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a Database Management System (DBMS)?

A

A DBMS is software that manages databases, ensuring security and consistency.

It acts as an intermediary between users and the database.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a Query Language?

A

Query Language refers to specialized programming languages to retrieve or manipulate data in databases.

SQL is one of the most commonly used query languages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a Database Application?

A

A Database Application is software for users to interact more easily with databases.

These applications enhance user experience and accessibility.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are examples of public data sources?

A

Examples of public data sources include:
* data.gov (U.S. government data)
* cancer.gov/research (cancer research data)
* kaggle.com (community-driven data sets)
* data.nasa.gov (NASA’s data)
* opendata.cityofnewyork.us (data from NYC)

Public data sets are valuable for research and analysis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

True or False: Data is primarily analog in today’s context.

A

False

Today, data is predominantly digital.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the key requirements of database systems?

A
  • Performance
  • Authorization
  • Security
  • Rules
  • Recovery

These requirements ensure effective management of data and user access.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What types of database systems are most commonly used?

A
  • Relational databases (using SQL)
  • Non-relational databases (NoSQL)

NoSQL databases have emerged to handle large volumes of less structured data.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

True or False: Database systems are more suitable than file systems for large, complex databases.

A

True

Database systems provide better performance, security, and data recovery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the characteristics of transaction management in database systems?

A
  • Ensure complete transaction processing
  • Prevent conflicts between concurrent transactions
  • Ensure transaction results are saved

These characteristics maintain data integrity and consistency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does ACID stand for in the context of relational databases?

A
  • Atomicity
  • Consistency
  • Isolation
  • Durability

These properties ensure reliable transaction processing.

24
Q

Fill in the blank: Relational databases store data in _______.

A

tables

Each table represents a specific entity and maintains relationships with other tables.

25
Q

What are some advantages of relational databases?

A
  • Structured data organization
  • Data integrity and accuracy
  • Flexibility in querying
  • Support for transactions
  • Data security
  • Scalability
  • Widely supported and standardized
  • Data redundancy control

These advantages make relational databases effective for various applications.

26
Q

What role do NoSQL databases serve in modern data management?

A
  • Big data handling
  • Flexible schema
  • Variety of data models
  • High availability and scalability
  • Real-time data processing
  • Integration with cloud systems
  • Support for various applications

NoSQL databases complement relational databases by providing flexibility and performance for unstructured data.

27
Q

What are the main components of a database system?

A
  • Query processor
  • Storage manager
  • Transaction manager
  • Log
  • Catalog (data dictionary)

Each component has specific functions that contribute to the overall operation of the database system.

28
Q

What is the function of a catalog in a database system?

A

It serves as a directory containing metadata about database objects.

This metadata helps other components understand how to access and manipulate data effectively.

29
Q

What is a limitation of file systems compared to database systems?

A
  • Inability to manage concurrent access effectively
  • Lack of security features
  • No enforcement of data integrity

These limitations can lead to data corruption and inconsistencies.

30
Q

True or False: A database can manage reading and writing to shared data to avoid issues arising from simultaneous access.

A

True

Databases provide mechanisms to prevent conflicts and ensure data integrity.

31
Q

What might happen if two programs access a text file simultaneously?

A
  • One program may miss updates made by the other
  • Data corruption may occur
  • Inconsistent data may be read

These issues highlight the limitations of file systems in managing concurrent data access.

32
Q

What are the four common CRUD operations?

A

Create, Read, Update, Delete

33
Q

What does the Create operation do in CRUD?

A

Inserts new records into a database

34
Q

What does the Read operation do in CRUD?

A

Retrieves existing records from a database

35
Q

What does the Update operation do in CRUD?

A

Modifies existing records in a database

36
Q

What does the Delete operation do in CRUD?

A

Removes records from a database

37
Q

What is the primary focus of CRUD operations?

A

Direct manipulation of data within the database

38
Q

Which SQL command is used for the Create operation?

A

INSERT

39
Q

Which SQL command is used for the Read operation?

A

SELECT

40
Q

Which SQL command is used for the Update operation?

A

UPDATE

41
Q

Which SQL command is used for the Delete operation?

A

DELETE

42
Q

What does ACID stand for in the context of database transactions?

A

Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

43
Q

True or False: CRUD operations include schema management commands.

A

False

44
Q

What are schema operations in database management?

A

Commands that manage database structure such as CREATE TABLE, ALTER TABLE, or DROP TABLE

45
Q

What do access control commands like GRANT and REVOKE manage?

A

User permissions and access to data

46
Q

What is the SQL CREATE TABLE statement used for?

A

To define a new table and its columns

47
Q

Fill in the blank: SQL is the primary language used for writing _______ in relational database systems.

A

queries

48
Q

What data type is used to store integer values in SQL?

A

INT

49
Q

What data type is used to store textual values in SQL?

A

VARCHAR

50
Q

What is the main function of SQL in database management?

A

To interact with relational databases through commands that manage data

51
Q

What does the SELECT statement enable users to do?

A

Retrieve specific data from one or more tables

52
Q

What is the purpose of database administration in SQL?

A

Control database management tasks, including backup, restore, and overall administration

53
Q

What does the DECIMAL data type store in SQL?

A

Fractional numeric values

54
Q

What does the DATE data type in SQL store?

A

Year, month, and day

55
Q

True or False: NoSQL databases do not support SQL.

A

False

56
Q

What is an Attribute?

A
  1. In essence, an attribute is a characteristic of something.
  2. But a Unnecessary attribute can be removed without losing the ability to uniquely identify each row.
57
Q

relational model development

A
  • Developed by E. F. Codd of IBM in 1970, the relational model is based on mathematical set theory and represents data as independent relations

C175 Data Management Foundations (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions