mutations, dna damage and repair

Question 1

point mutation

Answer 1

change to a single nucleotide

substitutions additions or deletions

Question 2

what type of mutation could arise from substitutions, additions, or deletions of single nucleotides

Answer 2

point mutations

Question 3

what are two different ways to talk about mutations

Answer 3

type of mutation

functional effect of protein

evolutionary effect

mutation rates

Question 4

what are possible effects of mutations

Answer 4

nothing: normal wild-type protein

loss of function mutations

gain of function mutations

Question 5

what are some ways mutations can arise

Answer 5

replications erros that escape proofreading

dna damage due to mutagens

Question 6

basic repair mechanism

Answer 6

recognize
remove
repair
reconnect

Question 7

all basic repair mechanisms are similar, can you name two of them

Answer 7

base excision repair

nucleotide excision repair

Question 8

silent mutations

Answer 8

the end product is the same

Question 9

missense mutations

Answer 9

something is changed

Question 10

nonsense mutations

Answer 10

accidentally encodes a stop codon

Question 11

frameshift mutations

Answer 11

insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotides, changes reading frame