mutations Flashcards
1
Q
categories
A
CAUSES: spontaneous, induced
TYPES:
point (subsitutions, insertions, deletions, frame shift),
chromosomal (duplication, translocations, inversions)
1
Q
mutation is what?
A
change in DNA
2
Q
outcomes
A
- silent (no AA change due to wobble)
- missense (changed AA, check properties of AA for effect) (conservative/non)
- nonsense (early stop codon)
3
Q
values
A
- beneficial
- harmful
- neutral
4
Q
spontaneous vs induced
A
-Spontaneous: errors in replication
- Induced: forced by mutagens
5
Q
germ line vs somatic
A
- germ line: in gonads so passed down to offspring
- somatic: body cells, not passed on
6
Q
Point mutations
A
- occur at a SINGLE LOCUS
- if only one nucleotide, its a SNP
- insertion, deletion, subsitution
- may cause framshift
7
Q
chromosomal mutations
A
- big chunks of DNA messed up
- duplication, translocataion, inversion
