mutations Flashcards
1
Q
define mutation
A
a change in the DNA sequence of an organism
2
Q
how can mutation be benefical
A
can lead to new versions of proteins to help organisms adapt to changes in their environment
3
Q
what is substitution mutation
A
one nucleotide is replaced by a different nucleotide
4
Q
what is insertion mutation
A
addition of one or more nucleotides into a segment of DNA
5
Q
what is deletion mutation
A
loss of one or more nucleotides from a segment of DNA
6
Q
how can mutations result in a frame shift
A
happens when a normal sequence of codons is disrupted by insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotides
7
Q
why do some mutations have no effect
A
neutral mutations, so they do not change the amino acids in the proteins they encode
