Mutation 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Define ‘wild type’.
A
Non-mutant organism/the original organism.
2
Q
Describe DNA of bacteria.
A
Haploid, a single chromosome.
3
Q
How do bacteria replicate?
A
Binary fission.
4
Q
Define ‘mutant’.
A
An altered organism.
5
Q
Define ‘mutation’.
A
An altered genome (DNA).
6
Q
Define ‘mutagenesis’.
A
The process of alteration.
7
Q
Define ‘point mutations’.
A
Affect a single gene, small scale e.g. nucleotide substitutions (SNPs), frameshifts.
8
Q
Define frameshifts.
A
Bases sequences are out of frame, non multiples of three as a result of insertions or deletions.
9
Q
Give examples of larger scale mutations.
A
- Insertions
- Deletions
- Rearrangements
10
Q
How do you calculate the mutation rate?
A
Number of mutants/number of wild types.
