Music 1091 Test 1 Review Flashcards
Form of texture. One sound playing at a time. One melody without accompaniment.
Monophonic
Form of texture. When a melody is accompanied by other parts.
Homophonic
Form of texture. Two or more melodies are sounding at the same time - many sounds.
Polyphonic
How long or duration of sound.
Rhythm
A collection of pitches in a recognizable form.
Melody
Notes that support the melody. Begins with two notes sounding at the same time.
Harmony
The part of musical sound which enables a listener to distinguish a certain instrument from other instruments even when pitch, loudness, and duration are the same.
Timber (color)
How thick or thin a musical piece is. ( monophonic, homophonic, polyphonic)
Texture
Final results of all parts of music. (Rondo,binary,sonata allegro,etc.)
Form
Vibration. The the location of a tone in a musical scale and usually considered to be higher or lower in comparison with the other _____.
Pitches
What is the name given to the symbols that indicates the duration or time values of musical sounds.
Notes
One voice or instrument that begins a melody, and, before or as it finishes, a second voice or instrument takes up the same melody.
Rounds/Imitation
The definition of music.
Rationally organized sound
Smallest fragment of a melody. It does not state a complete idea and may not end with a feeling of cadence, but it may be an important organizational unit in a composition.
Motive
At least two notes played at the same time.
Chord
Starting note of a scale.
Key
Symbols at the beginning of a scale.
Key signature
The sense of reference to one note. Like a gravitational pull of one note on all others in melody (and harmony)
Tonality
The most easily comprehended unit of musical structure. It is often repeated, varied, and contrasted with other phrases in the composition. Smallest building block of music.
Phrase
Three notes played at the same time.
Triad
Keys having the same name but different frequencies are ___ of each other.
Octave
The foundation of musical rhythm.
Beat/pulse
A melody that reoccurs. A melody that serves as a basis for a longer work.
Theme
Off the beat. When a tone receives an accent other than a normal metric accent is said to be?
Syncopation
A number of beats that occur in a pattern of strong and weak. (Duple,triple)
Meter
Indicates one measure of the beat pattern.
Time signature
Aka as the G clef and indicates the notes to be most often played by the right hand of the pianist, read by female vocalist, and high pitched instruments.
Treble clef
Aka the F clef and is used for the notes most often played by the left hand of the pianist, read by male vocalist, and low pitched instruments.
Bass clef
When a work has been re-written for another medium.
Arrangements/Orchestration/Transcription
Degree of loud or soft of music. (Piano,forte)
Dynamics/dynamic markings
The speed of beats.
Tempo
Harmonic intervals that are smooth and pleasing to the ear.
Consonant
Intervals that are rough and harsh.
Dissonant
First beat of a major.
Downbeat
The note before downbeat.
Upbeat
2-9 performers. Limited to 1 performer per part
Chamber ensembles
3-6 players
Jazz combos
Constructed from pitches in patterns of whole and half notes.
Scales
Scale built in half steps
Chromatic scale
Made up of 5 lines and 4 spaces.
Staff
Short lines that extend a staff and are used for notes above and below the normal 5 lines.
Ledger lines
Raises a tone one- half step.
Sharp (#)
Lowers a tone one-half step.
Flat (b)
Restores a tone to its natural state by canceling a sharp or flat.
Natural
Distance between two notes, sounds, and pitches.
Interval
Gradually getting louder.
Crescendo
Gradually getting softer.
Decrescendo
Simple melody (mary had a little lamb)
Tune
Smallest interval in western music. The division of the octave into 12 semi-tones in equal intervals.
Half-step
Second smallest interval in western music.
Whole-step
Precursors of scales.
Modes
The tone that we recognize as the pitch is the ____.
Fundamental
The softer tones above the fundamental.
Harmonics/overtones
The name given to the original loan bc the player could control dynamics from soft to loud, depending upon the amount of force applied to the keys.
Piano-forte
The piano and the organ are?
Hybrid instruments
The most important form in music for the past 200 years. 3 sections: exposition, development, and recapitulation.
Sonata-allegro
Section of sonata-allegro that presents the listener with a primary theme (A), and one or more secondary or subordinate themes (B).
Exposition
Section of sonata-allegro where the composer has the opportunity to play with the themes and motives introduced on the exposition.
Development
Section of sonata-allegro that follows development and where the architecture of the exposition returns with a few changes.
Recapitulation
Concludes most sonata-allegros (tail)
Coda
Song form: two part plan AB
Binary
Song form: three part plan ABA
Ternary
Song form: different verses sung from a single melody. AAAAAAA
Strophic
Song form: music is altered to fit the text and story and may have few repeated sections.
Through-composed
Song form: the recurrence of a theme separated by several contrasting sections. ABACABA
Rondo
Song form: one of a repeating a previously heard phrase or sections of music but with modifications.
Theme and variations
