Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Clin Path > Musculoskeletal Diseases > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What are the most common causes of longbone fractures?

A

75% car accident
Indirect violence
Bone disease
Repeated stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do you classify long bone fractures?

A

Open vs closed
Simple vs comminuted
Stable vs unstable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do you diagnose long bone fractures?

A

Radiographs - at least 2 views

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are clinical signs of long bone fx?

A

Hx of trauma, pain or localized tenderness, lameness, deformity of bone, loss of function, crepitus, localized swelling or bruising

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do you treat a long bone fracture?

A

ASAP. Reduction and fixation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the methods of fixation for long bone fractures?

A

Splints, casts, intramedullary pins, bone plates, any combo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the average healing time of long bone fractures?

A

5-8 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Who is responsible for the management of bandages, casts, and splints?

A

The nurse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does CCL stand for?

A

Cranial cruciate ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the most common stifle injury in dogs?

A

CCL rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What causes a CCL injury?

A

Sudden hyperextension of the stifle while exercising

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the classification for CCL injury?

A

Rupture vs tear
Minor vs major instability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T/F CCL injury is as common in cats as it is in dogs

A

FALSE. Infrequent injury in cats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Who are the most likely candidates for CCL injury?

A

Middle age, obese, inactive animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the clinical signs of CCL injury?

A

Acute on-set, non weight baring/limping, internal rotation of tibia when weight baring attempted, +/- stifle effusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do you diagnose CCL injury?

A

Cranial drawer movement. Tibial compression test (tibial thrust), radiographs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the cranial drawer movement test?

A

Tibia abnormally slides forward with respect to the femoral condyles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the treatment for CCL injury?

A

Surgical stabilization.

19
Q

What are the two types of surgical stabilization for CCL injury?

A

Extraarticular & intraarticular

20
Q

T/F with CCL injury the other leg will most commonly rupture within 1 year

21
Q

What is recommended after CCL stabilization surgery?

A

Weight loss. Cage rest 3-4 weeks with gradual reintroduction to use of the limb

22
Q

What are the two types of patellar luxation?

A

Medial & lateral

23
Q

When does medial patellar luxation most commonly happen?

A

Occurs early in life, usually not trauma related. Congenital due to anatomic deformities.

24
Q

What percent of patellar luxations are medial?

25
When does lateral patellar luxation most commonly occur?
Large & giant breed. Effected by hip dysplasia. Usually bilateral. foot twists laterally when weight bearing creating cow hocked gait
26
What is the diagnosis for patellar luxation?
Palpation, grading system by DVM, radiographs
27
What is the treatment for patellar luxation?
Surgical Bone reconstruction - create groove for patellar to sit
28
What size dog is most commonly effected by hip dysplasia?
Patients over 11-12 kgs
29
What are contributing factors to hip dysplasia?
Genetic predisposition primarily. Environment or dietary factors.
30
What are the types of hip dysplasia
Acetabular - shallow acetabulum so femoral head doesn't sit far enough in Femoral - shortened femoral neck Osteophye formation - joint damage and instabilit
31
Most common type of hip dysplasia?
acetabular
32
What is the diagnosis for hip dysplasia
Radiographs OFA type At least 2 years old before doing rads
33
What is the treatment for hip dysplasia?
Conservative - moderate exercise & weight control, anti-inflamamtion, nutraceuticals Surgical - FHO, total hip replacement, triple pelvic osteotomy
34
What does OCD stand for? What is it?
Osteochondrosis dissecans. Degeneration or aseptic necrosis of bone and cartilage. Followed by reossification resulting in joint changes
35
What joints are affected by OCD?
Shoulder most common. Stifle, hock, elbow
36
What are the clinical signs of OCD?
Lameness in large breed dogs (3-18mo)
37
How do you diagnose OCD?
Radiographs
38
What is the treatment for OCD?
Rest and weight control or surgical
39
Which type of tumor is most common on the bone?
Osteosarcoma 85-90%
40
What are the clinical signs of tumors on the bone?
Lameness, weight loss, severe pain over effected bone, swelling in effected limb
41
Which bones are most commonly affected with bone tumors?
Distal radius, proximal humerus, distal femur, proximal tibia
42
How do you diagnose bone tumors?
Radiographs, biopsy. Thoracic rads to make sure hasn't metastasized
43
What is the treatment for bone tumors?
No cure. Can amputate limb or radiation, to help with pain control

Clin Path (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions