Pathology Flashcards
What is pathology
Study of disease, diagnosis, and effects on the body
What are the two types of pathology
Anatomic (looking at tissues and organs)
Clinical (stuffing body fluids)
What are specific pathology fields
Immunologist, microbiologist, toxicologist, hematologist
What is etiology
Study of the cause of a disease
What are factors capable of causing disease or tissue damage called
Etiological factors
What are the two types of etiologic factors
Internal and external
What are examples of internal etiological factors
Aging. Genetic, immune respone
What are examples of external etiologic factors
Trauma, toxins, infectious, and environment (husbandry, nutrition, temp)
What are the two causes of disease
Pathogenic and nonpathogenic
What are the three classifications of diseases
Acquired, congenital, idiopathic
What does acquired disease mean
Develops as a result of one or more etiologic agents
Ex) pneumonia, dermatitis
What does congenital disease mean
Something the animal is born with. Etiological agents effect the embryo
T/F congenital disease is always seen immediately at birth
False
What is an idiopathic disease
A disease where you do not know the cause
What are factors that can alter the course of a disease
Age, genetics, drugs, environment, secondary diseases
What is a lesion
Pathologic changes in a tissue or organ
What are the two types of cellular injury
Reversible and irreversible
What is reversible tissue damage
The cell can recover and regain structure and function if the injuring stimulus is removed
What is irreversible tissue damage
The cell can not recover is the injuring stimulus is removed. Cell passes a point of no return that leads to cell death (necrosis)
What are the three cellular responses to harmful stimuli
Degeneration, necrosis, cell changes
What happens during cellular degeneration
Pathological condition that causes cells to change structure and function. Reversible
What happens during necrosis cellular injury
Cellular death. Irreversible
Coagulative, liquefactive, caseation, fat
What happens during cellular change
Cell growth, size, and numbers change. Can be reversible or irreversible
What are the five signs of inflammation
Redness, heat, pain, swelling, loss of function
What are the two types of tissue repair
Organization (replaced by scar tissue)
Regeneration (replaced by identical cells)
What are the two types of tissue healing
First intention and second intention
What is first intention healing
Edges of the wound are close together, no scaring
Ex) sutures, skin tape, bandages
What is second intention healing
Greater tissue damage. Uses granulation tissue to heal the wound.
