Musculoskeletal Assessment

Question 1

Flexion ______

Extension ______

Abduction ______

Adduction ______

Pronation ______

Supination ______

Circumduction ______

Answer 1

Bending a limb at a joint

Straightening a limb at a joint

Moving a limb away from the midline of the body

Moving a limb toward the midline of the body

Turning the forearm so that the palm is down

Turning the forearm so that the palm is up

Moving the arm in a circle around the shoulder

Question 2

Inversion ______

Eversion ______

Protraction ______

Retraction ______

Elevation ______

Depression ______

Rotation ______

Answer 2

Moving the sole of the foot inward at the ankle

Moving the sole of the foot outward at the ankle

Moving a body part forward and parallel to the ground

Moving a body part backward and parallel to the ground

Raising a body part

Lowering a body part

Moving head around central axis

Question 3

Synovial joints?

Answer 3

freely movable
Bones that are separated from each other
Enclosed in a joint cavity

Question 4

Non-synovial joints?

Answer 4

Immovable (sutures of the skull) united by fibrous tissue

Question 5

Cartilaginous joints?

Answer 5

Slightly movable (vertebrae) united by cartilage

Question 6

a) Musculoskeletal consists of?
b) Bone & cartilage are specialized forms of?
c) How many bones?
d) Joints, or articulations, are places of union of?
e) Joints are functional units of?

Answer 6

a) Bones, joints, & muscles
b) Connective tissue
c) 206 bones
d) Two or more bones
e) MS mobility needed for ADLs

Question 7

Cartilage function?

Answer 7

Cushions bones
Facilitate movement

Receives nourishment from synovial fluid

Question 8

Ligament

Answer 8

Fibrous bands running from one bone to another

Help prevent movement in undesirable directions

Question 9

An ankle sprain?

Answer 9

An injury to one or more of the ligaments that stabilize the ankle

A twisting force foot can cause a sprain
(The lateral ligaments most frequently)

Question 10

Ankle Sprains

First degree symptoms

Answer 10

The ligaments have been stretched but not torn

S?S
Mild pain
Some swelling
Difficulty jogging or jumping

Question 11

Ankle Sprains

Second degree symptoms

Answer 11

The most common
Partial tearing of the ligament

S/S
Significant swelling
Bruising
Moderate pain
Trouble walking

Question 12

Ankle Sprains

Third degree symptoms

Answer 12

The most severe
The ligament has been torn completely

S/S
Severe swelling
Severe pain
Extreme loss of motion
Walking can be quite painful

Question 13

Tendon

Answer 13

Skeletal muscles are attached to bone by tendon, a strong fibrous cord

Question 14

Bursa

Answer 14

It helps muscles and tendons glide smoothly over bone

Question 15

Muscle Strength Testing

Test for what?

Test strength for each joint;

Answer 15

Muscle strength should be equal bilaterally

Should fully resist opposing force

Question 16

Muscle Strength

Grade 0? 
Grade 1?
Grade 2
Grade 3?
Grade 4?
Grade 5?

Answer 16

5/Normal strength

4/resistance is applied the muscle

3/ no movement when resistance is applied

1/ The muscles is not strong enough to lift the particular body part against gravity

0/when a muscle is paralyzed
After astroke or spinal cord injury

Question 17

TMJ function?

Answer 17

Jaw function of speaking and chewing

Allows three motions:
Hinge action to open and close jaws
Gliding action for protrusion and retraction
Gliding for side-to-side movement of lower jaw

Question 18

vertebral column/four curves?

Answer 18

Cervical and lumbar curves are concave (inward)

Thoracic and sacrococcygeal curves are convex

Question 19

Loss of bone density that occurs with
greatest frequency in postmenopausal
women is called?

1. Osteoporosis
2. Scoliosis
3. Kyphosis
4. Lordosis

Answer 19

1

Question 20

SHOULDER MOVEMENT

Flexion
Hyperextension
Abduction
Adduction

Answer 20

Raise your arms in front of you and overhead

Raise your arms behind you

Raise your arms out to the side and overhead

Lower your arms to your sides, then bring them across your body.

Question 21

DEVELOPMENTAL COMPETENCE

Aging adult

Answer 21

After age 40, bone resorption occurs more rapidly than deposition 
o Loss of bone density
o Osteoporosis
o Postural changes (kyphosis)
o Shortening of vertebral column 

o Loss of subcutaneous fat
o Loss of periphery fat
o Loss in muscle mass

Question 22

AGING ADULT

Lifestyle affects

Answer 22

Sedentary lifestyle hastens MS changes of aging
Physical activity increases skeletal muscle mass,
delays (prevents) bone loss in postmenopausal
helps prevent osteoporosis

Question 23

An adult client has been diagnosed with
carpal tunnel syndrome. What type of
working conditions may have contributed
to this diagnosis?

1. Frequent repetitive movements
2. Heavy lifting
3. Substantial physical activity
4. Prolonged sitting

Answer 23

1.Frequent repetitive movements