Musculoskeletal and neurological effects of drugs Flashcards
Drug overdose
Toxic reactions linked to excess dose or impaired excretion, or to both.
Drug interaction
Action of a drug on the effectiveness or toxicity of another drug.
Drug idiosyncrasy
A genetically determined, qualitatively abnormal reaction to a drug related to a metabolic or enzyme deficiency.
Drug side effect
Undesirable pharmacological effect at recommended doses.
Drug intolerance
A low threshold to the normal pharmacological action of a drug.
Pseudoallergic reaction
A reaction with the same clinical manifestations as an allergic reaction (eg, as a result of histamine release) but lacking immunological specificity.
Drug allergy
An immunologically mediated reaction, characterised by specificity, transferability by antibodies or lymphocytes, and recurrence on re-exposure.
List the factors which can influence the likelihood of a person having an adverse reaction to a drug.
Patient Related: Age, Gender, Genetic factors
Pre-existing conditions, Liver and kidney function.
Drug related: Route of administration, Type of formulation (e.g. tabs, gel capsules, solutions etc), Distribution of drug, Dose of drug, Duration of therapy, Chemical makeup of drug, Mode of action of drug.
Statins are very commonly prescribed drugs. What musculoskeletal and neurological adverse reaction can occur?
Arthralgia. Headaches. Myalgia (pain in muscle group). Rhabdomyolysis (a breakdown of muscle tissue that releases a damaging protein into the blood). Weakness.
List the musculoskeletal and neurological symptoms which can occur as a result of drug use.
Arthralgia Ataxia Back pain Dizziness or vertigo Dyskinesia / involuntary movements Headache Muscle cramps Myalgia Osteopoenia and osteoporosis Parasthaesia Peripheral neuropathies Rhabdomyolysis Tremors Weakness
