Musculoskeletal

Question 1

Which tendons form the anatomical snuffbox?

Answer 1

Abductor pollicis longus

Extensor pollicis brevis

Question 2

Which artery can be damaged by scaphoid fractures?

Answer 2

Radial artery

Question 3

How do you prevent callouses from forming in bone healing?

Answer 3

Using plates and screws to align the fractured bone

Question 4

What are the contents of the femoral triangle?

Answer 4

• Femoral sheath
• Femoral artery
• Femoral vein
• Lymphatics

Question 5

Which bursa is fluid removed from in a knee aspiration?

Answer 5

Suprapatellar bursa

Question 6

What is the surgical use for the Pes Anserinus?

Answer 6

Reconstruction of a torn ACL

Question 7

Which tendons constitute the Pes Anserinus?

Answer 7

• Sartorius
• Gracilis
• Semitendinosus

Question 8

Kyphosis is curvature of the ____ region

Answer 8

Thoracic

Question 9

People with Achilles tendon injuries present with loss of _______

Answer 9

Plantarflexion

Question 10

What are the clinical findings of compartment syndrome?

Answer 10

• Pain
• Pallor
• Pulselessness
• Parasthesia
• Paralysis

Question 11

Abnormal gait, walking on toes and stocky muscles could be clinical findings of which disease?

Answer 11

Duchenne’s Muscular Dystrophy

Question 12

Hip dislocation is most likely when the hip is ____, ____ and ____ rotated

Answer 12

Flexed
Adducted
Internally

Question 13

Foot drop is due to injury of which nerves?

Answer 13

Common peroneal or deep peroneal nerves

Question 14

Which nerve is most likely to be damaged by humeral fractures?

Answer 14

Radial nerve

Question 15

What is Lambert-Eaton syndrome?

Answer 15

An autoimmune disease affecting voltage gated Ca2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane

Question 16

Which muscles are most frequently affected in Myasthenia Gravis?

Answer 16

• Eye and eyelid
• Facial expression
• Swallowing

Question 17

Which type of femur fracture would disrupt the blood supply to the hip?

Answer 17

Subcapital

Question 18

What is piriformis syndrome?

Answer 18

Compression of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis

Question 19

What is sarcopenia?

Answer 19

Intrinsic loss of muscle function with age

Question 20

Damage to the _____ or _____ can cause Trendelenburg gait

Answer 20

Gluteus medius

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 21

In the Trendelenburg gait, the pelvis tilts to the ____ side

Answer 21

Unaffected

Question 22

What are the components of the unhappy triad?

Answer 22

• ACL
• Medial collateral ligament
• Medial meniscus

Question 23

Which nerve provides cutaneous innervation to the majority of the posterior arm?

Answer 23

Radial nerve

Question 24

Paralysis to the teres minor and deltoid muscles would be due to damage to which nerve?

Answer 24

Axillary nerve

Question 25

What is the cutaneous distribution of the axillary nerve?

Answer 25

Regimental badge area

Question 26

Which nerve provides sensation to the lateral forearm?

Answer 26

Lateral cutaneous nerve (branch of musculocutaneous nerve)

Question 27

Which muscles may atrophy if carpal tunnel syndrome is left untreated?

Answer 27

Thenar muscles

Question 28

What is Tinel's sign?

Answer 28

Tapping the nerve in the carpal tunnel to elicit pain in the median nerve distribution

Question 29

What is Phalen's manoeuvre?

Answer 29

Holding the wrist in flexion for 60 seconds to elicit numbness/pain in the median nerve distribution

Question 30

What is the treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 30

- Split holding the wrist in dorsiflexion | - Corticosteroids or surgical decompression if unsuccessful

Question 31

Which nerve provides sensation to the lateral 2/3 of the palm?

Answer 31

Median nerve

Question 32

Damage to which nerve may cause wrist drop?

Answer 32

Radial nerve

Question 33

A patient presents with sensory loss affecting the lateral 3 1/2 digits, and associated palm area. Which nerve is most likely to be damaged?

Answer 33

Superficial branch of the radial nerve

Question 34

The ulnar nerve is most vulnerable to damage at the ______

Answer 34

Medial epicondyle

Question 35

Which hand muscles are NOT innervated by the ulnar nerve?

Answer 35

- Thenar muscles | - Lateral lumbricles

Question 36

Which nerve provides sensation to the medial one and a half fingers?

Answer 36

Ulnar nerve

Question 37

Which nerve provides sensation to the medial side of the leg and foot?

Answer 37

Saphenous nerve

Question 38

A patient presents with numbness and paraesthesia on the medial aspect of the thigh, and weakness in adduction of the thigh. Which nerve is likely to be damaged?

Answer 38

Obturator nerve

Question 39

A patient presents with paraesthesia in the ankle and sole of the foot, which may radiate up the leg slightly. Which nerve might be affected?

Answer 39

Tibial nerve (Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome)

Question 40

Which nerve provides sensation to the posterolateral side of the leg, and lateral foot?

Answer 40

Sural nerve

Question 41

Which nerve is most likely to be damaged by a fracture to the fibular neck?

Answer 41

Common fibular nerve