Musculoskeletal

Question 1

osteoporosis

Answer 1

the effect of gradual loss of bone density

Question 2

Why does height decrease with age?

Answer 2

Shortening of vertebrae caused by loss of water content and thinning disk

Question 3

best way to prevent osteoporosis

Answer 3

fast walking (hip fracture prevention)

Question 4

most common musculoskeletal reason to seek care

Answer 4

joint pain/loss of function

Question 5

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 5

Pain worse in the am

Movement decreases pain

Question 6

osteoarthritis

Answer 6

Pain worse later in the day
Felt in the joints
Trouble with ADLS/IADLS

Question 7

tendinitis

Answer 7

worse in the morning, improves throughout the day

Question 8

When is a full musculoskeletal exam necessary?

Answer 8

Problems with ADLs, musculoskeletal symptoms

Question 9

after transferring pt

Answer 9

assess circulation, sensation, movement distal to the injury

Question 10

kyphosis

Answer 10

Enhanced thoracic curve in aging adult with head tilt to accompany and in adolescent r/t poor posture

Question 11

pronounced lumbar curve

Answer 11

obese

Question 12

Get Up and Go test

Answer 12

Rise from armchair, walk 10 feet, turn, walk back and sit down if done > 10 secs + fall history and mobility issues increases risk for future falling

Question 13

myalgia

Answer 13

felt as cramping or aching, suggest intermittent claudication, often caused by viral illness

Question 14

sublaxation

Answer 14

two bones stay in contact but alignment is off

Question 15

contracture

Answer 15

shortening of a muscle leading to limited ROM

Question 16

ankylosis

Answer 16

stiffness or fixation of a joint

Question 17

articular

Answer 17

Inside the joint capsule

Question 18

functions of musculoskeletal system

Answer 18

Support to stand erect
Movement
Protect inner vital organs
Produce RBCs, WBCs, and platelets in marrow → hematopoiesis
Reservoir for for storage of essential minerals (such as calcium & phosphorus)

Question 19

TMJ motions

Answer 19

1) hinge action to open and close jaws
2) gliding action for protrusion and retraction
3) gliding for side-to-side movement of lower jaw

Question 20

what happens to joints during pregnancy?

Answer 20

hormones soften joints, increasing ROM

Lordosis - compensates for growing fetus