Musculoskeletal Flashcards
What are the 6p’s of lichen planus?
PRURITIC PURPLE POLYGONAL PLANAR PAPULES PLAQUES
Lichen planus a blistering skin disorder? Assoc with?
No.
Hep C
5 infectious skin disorders?
Impetigo Cellulitis Necrotizing fasciitis SSC Hairy leukoplakia
Define cellulitis
Acute, painful, spreading infection of dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Starts from break in skin from trauma or infection
What is impetigo and cellulitis associated with?
S. Aureus, s. Pyogenes
3 major skin cancers?
SCC
BASAL CELL CARCINOMA
MELANOMA
Cancer assoc with arsenic exposure?
SCC
SCC can spread where? Histopath includes what?
Spread to lymph nodes.
Keratin “pearls “
What two skin disorders assoc with SCC?
Actinic keratosis- scaly plaque and precursor to SCC
Keratoacanthoma- variant that can grow rapidly and regress spontaneously.
Risk of melanoma for metastasis?
What are the ABCDEs?
Highly metastatic, Depth of tumor assoc with risk of metastasis.
Asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolution over time.
What is the tumor marker for melanoma? Associated with what mutation?
S-100 tumor marker
Driven by activating mutation in BRAF kinase.
Describe Aspirin mechanism
Inhibits cox1 cox2 via covalent acetylation to decrease TXA2 AND prostaglandins. Increase bleeding time for life cycle of platelet (7 days). No effect on pt, PTT. A type of NSAID.
Clinical a dosages for aspirin
Toxicities for aspirin?
GI ulceration, bleeding. Tinnitus (cn VIII). Reye’s syndrome for kids tx for viral infection. Stimulates respiratory centers can cause hyperventilating and resp alkalosis.
Particular use of indimethacin? What kind of drug is it?
Used to close PDA, is an NSAID
Name the 5 blistering skin disorder
Pemphigus vulgaris- autoimmune of igG to desmosin
Bulbous pemphigoid- igG to hemidesmosomes
Dermatitis herpetiformis- igA deposits at dermal papillae, associated with celiacs
Erythema multiforme- assoc with mycoplasma pneumonia with, hsv. Look like targets
Steven-Johnson syndrome- associated with adverse drug rxn. 2 membranes involved.
Name 2 benign bone tumors
- Giant cell tumor (soap bubble at epiphysis) 2. Osteochondroma (metaphysis)
Name 3 malignant bone tumors
- Ewing Sarcoma (diaphysis) 2. Chondrosarcoma (diaphysis) 3. Osteosarcoma “Codman triangle (Metahpysis)
Compare contrast osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
O is mechanical due to age, obesity, trauma, joint deformity. Pain in weight-bearing joints with improvement after use. Tx NSAIDS, glucocorticoids. RA is autoimmune due to inflammation and destruction of synovial joints. Pannus formation, ulnar deviation of fingers. Tx NSAIDS, gluccocorticoids , TNF-alpha inhibitors.
Sjogren syndrome. Autoimmune or mechanical? Symptoms.
Autoimmune due to destruction of exocrine glands (lacrimal/salivary). Xeropthalmia (decreased tear production), xerostomia, bilateral parotid enlargement.
Describe polymyositis and dermatomyositis
Polymyositis- symmetric proximal muscle weakness due to inflammation of CD8 T cells. Dermatomysositis- similar to polymyositis including malar rash (seen in SLE), shawl and face rash. Tx steroids.
Define Myositis ossification
Metaplasia of skeletal muscle to bone following muscular trauma.
Define scleroderma
Excessive fibrosis and collagen deposition throughout the body. Leads to puffy and taught skin.
Define CREST ( a type of scleroderma)
CREST: Calcinosis, Raynaud phenomenon, Esophageal dysmotility, Sclerodactlyly, Telangiesctasia.
