musculoskeletal

Question 1

osteoartritis x rays findings?

Answer 1

1. joint space narrowing
2. Subchondral sclerosis
3. Osteophytes
4. Subchondral cyst

associated to Heberden nodes and Bouchard nodules

Question 2

que es Drehmann sign
-que es?
- dx? poblacion afectada? tx?

Answer 2

Drehmann sign positive: flexion cadera en supino produce rotación externa de la cadera

dx:desplazamiento de epifisis capital femoral
varones 10-16 anos, obesidad

tx: surgical pinning of femoral head

Question 3

anterior tibiofemoral dislocations. cual es el proximo paso?

Answer 3

Immediate closed reduction. no esperar x radiografias ni nada mas

Question 4

periostitis de la diafisis de huesos largo bilateral + nail clubbing + artritis

dx y a que se asocia?

Answer 4

osteóartropatia hipertrofica

asociada a:

adenocarcioma de pulmon (hacer tac de tórax)

fibrosis quistica/bronquestasis

Question 5

que es adson test y que diagnostico al estar positivo?

Answer 5

adson test: brazo en extension y rotacion externa proudce disminución del puls o

dx al estar positivo: cervical rib

Question 6

mid-shaft humerus fractures, most common complication?

Answer 6

radial nerve injury

Question 7

paget disease of bone
x ray?

Answer 7

Mixed lytic and sclerotic lesions + thickened cortical bone

Question 8

headache + hearing loss +skull enlargement

dx?

Answer 8

pagets disease of the bone

Question 9

que es thomson test y que dx?

Answer 9

Thomson test: clinician squeezes the patient’s calf. Normally, passive plantar flexion is present. In complete Achilles tendon rupture, passive plantar flexion is absent.

indica achiles tendon rupture (completa)

fluoroquinolonas > achiles tendon rupture

Question 10

punched out lesions in skull

dx?

Answer 10

mieloma multiple

dx:
electroforesis de proteinas: M spike
Immunofixation: ilight chains in the urine (Bence Jones protein),

Question 11

soft skull dx?

Answer 11

raquitismo

causa #1 deficiencia vit d

Question 12

luxacion cabeza de radio

tx?

Answer 12

tx:
hiperpronacion de antebrazo o supinación del antebrazo con codo flexionado

es cuando a los ninos los halan del brazo

Question 13

escoliosis tx?

Answer 13

tx depende del angulo de Cobb, el cual se saca de una radiografia

Cobb angle:

< 20°: nada
20–29°: bracing
> 40°: cx

Question 14

Chronic lumbar pain that worsens upon exertion and reclining+bilaterally positive straight leg raise test

dx?

Answer 14

espondilolistesis

physical exam: “step-off” sign

Question 15

cervical trauma, metodo diagnostico y cuando se hace?

Answer 15

cuando se hace? “NSAID”

Neurological deficit
Spinal tendernes
Altered mental status
Intoxication
Distracting injury

metodo: TAC cervical

Question 16

antihipertensivo q aumenta riesgo de gota?

Answer 16

hidroclorotiazida