Musculo-Skeletal

Question 1

Identify the four classifications of bones?

Answer 1

Long, Short, Flat and Irregular

Question 2

Identify the role of a flat bone and provide an example?

Answer 2

Protects vital organs (Cranium or Sternum)

Question 3

Give an example of how the skeleton protects the body’s vital organs?

Answer 3

Cranium protects the brain when heading in Football.

Ribs protect the lungs when being tackled in Rugby.

Question 4

What joins muscles to bones

Answer 4

Tendons

Question 5

Identify a long bone in the skeleton and its role?

Answer 5

Femur (Strength and movement)

Question 6

Identify a short bone in the skeleton and its role?

Answer 6

Carpals and Tarsals (Shock absorption and spreading loads)

Question 7

Describe and explain the role of cartilage?

Answer 7

A dense, elastic tissue that cushions and connects bones in the skeleton.

Question 8

What is Periosteum

Answer 8

A tough membrane that surrounds the bone.

Question 9

Define ossification

Answer 9

Development of cartilage to bone.

Question 10

State the anatomical name for the knee cap?

Answer 10

Patella

Question 11

What three bones make up the foot?

Answer 11

Tarsals, Metatarsals and Phalanges

Question 12

How many bones make up the vertebral column?

Answer 12

33 Bones

Question 13

Identify the five regions of the vertebral column in the order from neck down?

Answer 13

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum and Coccyx

Question 14

Define a joint?

Answer 14

Where two or more bones meet.

Question 15

Identify the four types of joint?

Answer 15

Hinge, Ball and Socket, Pivot and Condyloid

Question 16

State the movement possible at a Hinge joint?

Answer 16

Flexion and Extension (Knee, Elbow or Ankle)

Question 17

State the movement possible at a Ball and Socket joint?

Answer 17

Flexion, Extension, Adduction, Abduction and Rotation (Shoulder or Hip)

Question 18

Define Flexion?

Answer 18

The angle between body parts getting smaller.

Question 19

Define abduction?

Answer 19

Moving a limb away from the body’s mid-line.

Question 20

Define Dorsi-flexion?

Answer 20

Pointing the toes upwards.

Question 21

Give a sporting example of extension?

Answer 21

Extending the leg at the knee when kicking a football.

Question 22

State the three types of muscle?

Answer 22

Voluntary, Involuntary and Cardiac muscle.

Question 23

Identify three voluntary muscles?

Answer 23

Biceps, Triceps, Quadriceps, Hamstrings, Gastrocnemius, etc.

Question 24

What type of muscle is located in the walls of the heart?

Answer 24

Cardiac muscle

Question 25

Identify the muscle located at the back of the upper leg?

Answer 25

Hamstrings

Question 26

Identify a pair of antagonistic muscles?

Answer 26

Biceps and Triceps, Hamstrings and Quadriceps or Tibialis anterior and Gastrocnemius

Question 27

Identify the muscle located at the front of the upper arm?

Answer 27

Biceps

Question 28

State the anatomical name for the calf muscle?

Answer 28

Gastrocnemius

Question 29

Define Antagonistic muscles?

Answer 29

Muscles that work together to create movement.

Question 30

What muscle contracts and what muscle relaxes during flexion at the elbow?

Answer 30

Biceps contract and Triceps relax

Question 31

What muscle contracts and what muscle relaxes during planter-flexion at the ankle?

Answer 31

Gastrocnemius contracts and the Tibialis anterior relaxes

Question 32

Identify the two types of muscle fibres?

Answer 32

Fast twitch and slow twitch muscle fibres

Question 33

Identify a characteristic of slow twitch muscle fibres?

Answer 33

Darker in colour, contract slowly or can work for a long period of time.

Question 34

What sporting activities are fast twitch muscle fibres better suited to?

Answer 34

Sprinting, Short distance, (Events that require explosive movements)

Question 35

Provide a sporting example of someone with slow twitch muscle fibres?

Answer 35

Mo Farah or Bradley Wiggins