Cardio-Respiratory System

Question 1

What are the three roles of the Cardiovascular System?

Answer 1

Transport, Heal and control.

Question 2

Describe how the Cardiovascular system transports?

Answer 2

Heart pumps blood around the body which contains oxygen, nutrients and water.

Question 3

Define Vasodilation?

Answer 3

When blood gets too hot the blood vessels close to the skin get bigger increasing in diameter.

Question 4

Define Vasoconstriction?

Answer 4

If the blood gets too cold the blood vessels close to the skin get smaller, decreasing in diameter.

Question 5

How many chambers does the heart have?

Answer 5

Four chambers

Question 6

Identify the four chambers of the heart?

Answer 6

Left Atrium, Left Ventricle, Right Atrium and Right Ventricle

Question 7

What is the name of the wall that separates both sides of the heart?

Answer 7

Septum

Question 8

Which side of the heart is the Tricuspid valve on?

Answer 8

Right side

Question 9

What is the purpose of valves in the heart?

Answer 9

To prevent the back flow of blood

Question 10

What is the role of the blood vessels?

Answer 10

Work together to transport blood around the body.

Question 11

Where in the body does blood become oxygenated?

Answer 11

In the lungs during Gaseous Exhange

Question 12

Through which blood vessel does oxygenated blood leave the heart?

Answer 12

Aorta (Artery)

Question 13

Through which blood vessel does de-oxygenated blood return to the heart?

Answer 13

Vena Cava (Vein)

Question 14

Identify the three types of blood vessels?

Answer 14

Arteries, capillaries and Veins

Question 15

Identify the role of an Artery?

Answer 15

Carry blood away from the heart.

Question 16

Identify the role of a Vein?

Answer 16

Carry blood to the heart.

Question 17

Identify the role of a Capillary?

Answer 17

Allow the exchange of Carbon dioxide and Oxygen.

Question 18

Identify a characteristic of an Artery?

Answer 18

Strong elastic walls, high pressured blood.

Question 19

Identify a characteristic of a Vein?

Answer 19

Thinner walls than arteries, valves to keep blood carrying in the correct direction.

Question 20

What four components make up blood?

Answer 20

Red blood cells, White blood cells, Plasma and Platelets

Question 21

Describe the role of red blood cells?

Answer 21

Contain Haemaglobin that carries and delivers oxygen around the body and to working muscles.

Question 22

Describe the role of White blood cells?

Answer 22

Defend the body from infection.

Question 23

Describe the function of the Diaphragm during inspiration?

Answer 23

Diaphragm contracts and flattens ad pulls the bottom of the lungs down.

Question 24

Describe the function of the intercostal muscles during inspiration?

Answer 24

Intercostal muscles contract and pull the ribs down and lungs outwards.

Question 25

Explain what happens to the size of the lungs during insipration and expiration?

Answer 25

Lungs increase in size during inspiration and decrease in size during expiration.

Question 26

How much of the air that we inhale is made up of Oxygen?

Answer 26

21% Oxygen

Question 27

Define Gaseous exchange?

Answer 27

The delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream and the removal of carbon dioxide from the tissues.

Question 28

What characteristics of alveoli and capillaries allows Gaseous exchange to occur?

Answer 28

Thin walls which allow for gases to pass through (Diffusion)

Question 29

During exercise what happens to the frequency of gaseous exchange?

Answer 29

The frequency increases as the body requires more oxygen and the body produces more carbon dioxide.

Question 30

Identify the two types of energy production?

Answer 30

Aerobic and Anaerobic energy production

Question 31

Describe Aerobic exercise?

Answer 31

Working at a low to moderate intensity. The body has time to use oxygen to produce energy.

Question 32

Describe Anaerobic exercise?

Answer 32

Working at a high intensity without oxygen. Production of energy is limited.

Question 33

Identify a bi-product of anaerobic energy production?

Answer 33

Lactic Acid

Question 34

What can build up as a result of Lactic acid?

Answer 34

Muscle soreness, muscle aches and cramp

Question 35

What two nutrients can be used as an energy source in aerobic energy production?

Answer 35

Carbohydrates and Fats