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MIDTERMS - HISTO LAB > Muscular Tissues Part 1 > Flashcards

Muscular Tissues Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle tissue is composed of cells that optimize the universal cell property of

A

contractility

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2
Q

in these specialized cells, movement is generated by interaction of the proteins

A

actin & myosin

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3
Q

important component of certain secretory glands, where they function to expel secretions from glandular acini

A

myoepithelial cells

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4
Q

smooth muscle-like cells that surround blood vessels

A

pericytes

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5
Q

cells that have a contractile role in addition to being able to secrete collagen

A

myofibroblasts

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6
Q

this type of cell is not readily seen in normal tissues but becomes essential following tissue damages during the process of healing and repair, leading to formation of a scar

A

myofibroblasts

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7
Q

contains bundles of very long, multinucleated cells with cross-striations.

A

skeletal muscle

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8
Q

their contraction is quick, forceful, and usually under voluntary control

A

skeletal muscle

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9
Q

also has cross-striations and is composed of elongated, often branched cells attached to one another called intercalated discs

A

cardiac muscles

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10
Q

the contraction of cardiac muscle are (3)

A

involuntary, vigorous, rhythmic

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11
Q

type of muscle that consists of disinformation cells that lack striations and have solos involuntary contractions

A

smooth muscle

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12
Q

cytoplasm of muscle cells

A

sarcoplasm

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13
Q

surrounding cell membrane or plasmalemma

A

sarcolemma

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14
Q

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

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15
Q

muscle cells of all three types are surrounded by

A

external lamina

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16
Q

external lamina binds

A

individual muscle cells into single functional mass

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17
Q

muscular tissue consists of elongated muscle cells called

A

muscle fibers or myocytes

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18
Q

muscular tissue is specialized for contraction by the sliding interaction of myosin filaments along actin filaments, a process known as the

A

sliding filament mechanism

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19
Q

Walking and running, localized movements like holding a pencil, writing, or nodding the head due to muscular contractions rely on the integrated functions of skeletal muscles, bones and joints.

A

producing body movements

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20
Q

Skeletal muscle contractions stabilize joints and help maintain body positions like standing or sitting.

A

stabilizing body positions

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21
Q

Postural muscles contract continuously when you are awake: for example, sustained contractions of your neck muscles hold your head upright when you are listening intently to your teacher talk about the muscular tissue.

A

stabilizing body positions

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22
Q

is done by sustained contractions of ringlike bands of smooth muscle called sphincters.

A

storing and moving substances within the body

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23
Q

prevent oufflow of the contents of a hollow organ (temporary storage of urine in the urinary bladder or storage of food in the stomach).

A

sphincters

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24
Q

the process of producing heat

A

thermogenesis

25
Q

Muscular tissues produce heat during contraction.

A

generating heat

26
Q

Most of the heat generated by the muscle is used to maintain

A

normal body temp

27
Q

the involuntary contractions of skeletal muscle, which can increase the rate of heat production

A

shivering

28
Q

usually attached to bones by tendons

A

skeletal muscle tissue

29
Q

Long cylindrical fiber with many peripherally located nuclei; unbranched; striated with alternating light and dark bands seen by microscopy

A

skeletal muscle tissue

30
Q

Arise from the fusion of a hundred or more small mesodermal cells called

A

myoblasts

31
Q

Part of the myoblast population does not fuse and differentiate but remains as a group of mesenchymal cells called muscle

A

satellite cells

32
Q

proliferate and produce new muscle fibers following muscle injury

A

satellite cells

33
Q

length of skeletal muscle

A

from few centimeters or 30-40 in the longest muscles

34
Q

diameter of skeletal muscle fibers

A

very large (10-100um)

35
Q

long, finger-like invaginations of the sarcolemma that penetrate into the sarcoplasm

A

transverse tubules

36
Q

aligned with each A-I band junctions

A

transverse tubules

37
Q

filled with interstitial fluid

A

transverse tubules

38
Q

number of nuclei of skeletal muscle

A

100 or more in each skeletal muscle fiber

39
Q

found just beneath the sarcolemma

A

nuclei

40
Q

large molecule composed of many glucose molecules

A

glycogen

41
Q

can be used for ATP synthesis

A

glycogen

42
Q

red-colored protein, found only in muscle

A

myoglobin

43
Q

binds oxygen molecules that diffuse into muscle fibers from interstitial fluid and releases oxygen when it is needed by the mitochondria for ATP Production

A

myoglobin

44
Q

lie in rows throughout the muscle fiber, strategically close to the contractile muscle proteins that use ATP during contraction so that ATP can be produced quickly as needed

A

mitochondria

45
Q

fluid-filled system of membranous sacs that encircles each myofibril

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

46
Q

dilated end sacs of the SR called terminal cisterns butt against the T tubule from both sides

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

47
Q

in a relaxed muscle fiber, this stores calcium ions. release of ca++ from the terminal cisterns of this triggers muscle contraction

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

48
Q

contractile organelles of skeletal muscle

A

myofibrils

49
Q

About 2um in diameter and extend the entire length of muscle fiber

A

myofibrils

50
Q

containing thin and thick filaments (myofilaments) whose overlapping organization produces staining differences that cause striations

A

myofibrils

51
Q

consists of long series of sarcomere s separated by z discus and containing thick and thin filaments that overlap in certain regions

A

myofibrils

52
Q

basic functional contractile unit of myofibril

A

sarcomere

53
Q

narrow, okay/shaped regions of dense material that separate one sarcomere from the next

A

z discs

54
Q

dark, middle part of sarcomere that extends entire length of thick filaments and includes those parts of thin filaments that overlap thick filament

A

a band

55
Q

lighter, less dense area of sarcomere that contains remained of thin filaments but no thick filaments

A

I band

56
Q

Narrow region in center of each A band that contains thick filaments but no thin filaments

A

H zone

57
Q

Region in center of H zone that contains proteins that hold thick filaments together at center of sarcomere

A

M line

58
Q

the outer layer, encircling the entire muscle

A

epimysium

MIDTERMS - HISTO LAB (7 decks)

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