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Systemic Anatomy Unit 2 > Muscular Tissue > Flashcards

Muscular Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Muscular tissue accounts for what percentage of total body mass?

A

40-50%

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2
Q

What are the three types of muscular tissue?

A

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

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3
Q

What are the four functions of muscular tissue?

A

Producing body movements
Stabilizing body position
Control of body openings and passages
Producing heat

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4
Q

What are the five properties of muscular tissue?

A 
Electrical excitability
Conductivity
Contractility
Extensibility
Elasticity
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5
Q

What is connected by tendons to the skeleton?

A

Body or belly of muscle.

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6
Q

_______ wraps around each myofiber.

A

Endomysium

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7
Q

_______ wraps multiple myofibers creating fascicle.

A

Perimysium

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8
Q

______ wraps around the entire muscle and extends beyond muscle to form tendon.

A

Epimysium

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9
Q

_____ wraps muscle group separating it from neighboring groups.

A

Fascia

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10
Q

How much of the heart’s output does muscle receive while at rest?

A

1/4

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11
Q

How much of the heart’s output does muscle receive during exercise?

A

3/4

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12
Q

What motor neurons are used to innervate muscle?

A

Somatic Motor Neurons

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13
Q

What is a myofiber?

A

Skeletal muscle cell

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14
Q

What does hypertrophy mean?

A

Increasing muscle size

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15
Q

Myofibers do not undergo ______.

A

Mitosis

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16
Q

The filaments are arranged in compartments called _______.

A

Sarcomeres

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17
Q

What causes the striated appearance of skeletal muscle?

A

The thick and thin filaments that overlap that consists of zones and bands.

18
Q

What are the thick and thin filaments made of in the muscle?

A

Protein

19
Q

What are the three proteins that build myofibrils?

A

Contractile Proteins
Regulatory Proteins
Structural Proteins

20
Q

What is the major component of thick filaments?

A

Myosin

21
Q

What is the major component of thin filaments?

A

Actin

22
Q

What are the key structural proteins?

A

Titin
Myosin
Nebulin
Dystrophin

23
Q

The first step of a nerve impulse is the release of _____.

A

Acetylcholine

24
Q

The second step of nerve impulse is the activation of ____ _____.

A

Acetylcholine receptors

25
Q

The third step of nerve impulse is the production of muscle ______ ______.

A

Action Potential

26
Q

The fourth step of nerve impulse is the termination of ______ ______.

A

Acetylcholine Activity

27
Q

An example of an autoimmune disease where the acetylcholine receptors are attacked by own impulse system is…

A

Myasthenia Gravis

28
Q

What is released from the channels during the excitation-contraction coupling phase?

A

Calcium

29
Q

What active transport pumps are used during the excitation-contraction coupling phase?

A

Calcium active transport pumps

30
Q

During the contraction cycle, ATP _______ is the first step.

A

Hydrolysis

31
Q

Attachment of myosin to acting to form _____ _____, is the second step in the contraction cycle.

A

Cross bridges

32
Q

What is the third step in the contraction cycle?

A

Power Stroke

33
Q

After the muscle contraction myosin _______ from actin.

A

Detaches

34
Q

What are the two types of smooth muscle?

A

Visceral smooth muscle tissue

Multiunit smooth muscle tissue

35
Q

What muscle tissue is involuntary, non-striated, uninucleate, and has tapered cells?

A

Smooth Muscle Tissue

36
Q

What muscle tissue is striated, involuntary, uninucleated, and branched?

A

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

37
Q

What degenerative disease primarily affects voluntary muscles?

A

Muscular Dystrophy

38
Q

What gene is mutated in muscular dystrophy?

A

Dystrophin Gene

39
Q

In Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the primary difference is that ____ functional protein is produced.

A

No

40
Q

In Becker muscular dystrophy, ______ _____, shorter protein is produced.

A

Partially Functioning

41
Q

In Duchenne muscular dystrophy the onset is ages _______.

In Becker muscular dystrophy the onset is age ______.

A

3-5 years

Teens

42
Q

What are the three main skeletal fibers?

A

Slow Oxidative Fibers
Fast Oxidative-glycolytic Fibers
Fast Glycolytic Fibers

Systemic Anatomy Unit 2 (6 decks)

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