muscular system med terms

Question 1

muscle fibers

Answer 1

long, slender cells that make up muscles

Question 2

tendons

Answer 2

attach muscle to bone, connective tissue

Question 3

smooth muscle

Answer 3

involuntary, non- striated, located in hallow organs

Question 4

myocardial muscle

Answer 4

heart muscle, striated and involuntary

Question 5

contraction

Answer 5

tightening of a muscle causing it to become shorter and thicker

Question 6

relaxation

Answer 6

returning to OG form, muscle becomes longer and thinner

Question 7

abduction

Answer 7

movement of a limb away from the midline of the body

Question 8

adduction

Answer 8

movement of a limb toward the midline of the body

Question 9

flexion

Answer 9

decreasing the angle between two bones by straightening out of a limb

Question 10

extension

Answer 10

increasing the angle between two bones by straightening out of a limb

Question 11

circumduction

Answer 11

circular movement of the far end of a limb

Question 12

supination

Answer 12

turned forward or upward

Question 13

pronation

Answer 13

turned downward or backward

Question 14

dorsiflexion

Answer 14

bends the foot upward at the ankle

Question 15

plantar flexion

Answer 15

movement that bends the foot downward at the ankle

Question 16

frontalis

Answer 16

head muscle, raises/ lowers eyebrows

Question 17

temporalis

Answer 17

head muscle, moves lower jaw open closed

Question 18

masseter

Answer 18

moves lower jaw up to close the mouth while chewing

Question 19

pectoralis major

Answer 19

trunk muscle, chest muscle

Question 20

external oblique/ internal oblique

Answer 20

trunk muscle, abdominal muscles

Question 21

rectus abdominis

Answer 21

trunk muscle, assists in breathing

Question 22

transverse abdominis

Answer 22

trunk muscle, assists with laughing or coughing

Question 23

exercise physiologist

Answer 23

developos, implements, coordinates excercise programs with physician supervision

Question 24

neurologist

Answer 24

specializes in treating causes of paralysis/ muscular disorders

Question 25

neurologist

Answer 25

specializes in treating causes of paralysis/ muscular disorders

Question 26

occupational therapist

Answer 26

enables patient with the activities of daily life

Question 27

physiatrist

Answer 27

specializes in physical medicine and rehab

Question 28

physical therapist

Answer 28

provides treatment to prevent disability or restore function

Question 29

fasciitis

Answer 29

inflammation of fascia

Question 30

fibromyalgia

Answer 30

chronic condition characterized by fatigue and pain

Question 31

tenosynovitis

Answer 31

inflammation of sheath surrounding a tendon

Question 32

tendinitis

Answer 32

inflammation of tendons due to overuse

Question 33

adhesion

Answer 33

band of fibrous tissue holding structures together abnormally

Question 34

atrophy

Answer 34

weakness/ wearing away of body tissues and structures

Question 34

myalgia

Answer 34

tenderness or pain in the muscles

Question 34

myocele

Answer 34

herniation of a muscle through tear in the fascia

Question 34

myolysis

Answer 34

degeneration of muscle tissue

Question 34

myorrhexis

Answer 34

rupture/ tearing of a muscle

Question 34

polymyositis

Answer 34

inflammation/ weakening of voluntary muscles

Question 35

rhabdomyolysis

Answer 35

causes od death of muscle fibers

Question 36

sacropenia

Answer 36

loss of muscle mass/ strength/ function

Question 37

atonic

Answer 37

muscle tone, lacking normal muscle tone

Question 38

dystonia

Answer 38

muscle tone, impairment of voluntary muscle movement

Question 39

hypotonia

Answer 39

diminished tone of the skeletal muscles

Question 40

ataxia

Answer 40

lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement

Question 41

contracture

Answer 41

permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, skin

Question 42

intermittent claudication

Answer 42

pain in leg muscles occurring during exercise and relieved by rest

Question 43

spasm

Answer 43

sudden, involuntary contraction of muscle

Question 44

myoclonus

Answer 44

involuntary jerking of muscles

Question 45

singultus

Answer 45

hiccups

Question 46

torticollis

Answer 46

stiff neck due to spasms contracting neck muscles

Question 47

bradykinesia

Answer 47

extreme slowness in movement

Question 48

dyskinesia

Answer 48

impairment of voluntary movement

Question 49

hyperkinesia

Answer 49

abnormal increased muscle function or activity

Question 50

myasthenia gravis

Answer 50

chronic autoimmune disease. affects neuromuscular junction

Question 51

muscular dystrophy

Answer 51

progressive weakness and degeneration of skeletal muscles

Question 52

duchenne muscular dystrophy

Answer 52

primarily affects boys ages 3-5. Inability to walk later, breathing and heart issues

Question 53

becker muscular dystrophy

Answer 53

similar to duchenne, not as severe

Question 54

impingement syndrome

Answer 54

inflammation and swelling of tendons in space between bones within the shoulder joint

Question 55

carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 55

inflammation and swelling of tendons passing through the carpal tunnel

Question 56

gang