Animal Diversity (Exam 4) Flashcards
which phylum of animals has a dorsal- hollow nerve cord?
chordata
to which phylum do sponges belong?
porifera
stinging tentacles are a significant feature of which Phylum of animals?
cnidaria
how does a Cartilaginous fish differ from a Jawless fish? How are they similar
- Cartilaginous fish (sharks) have articulating jaws
- jawless fish have teeth but cannot chew or clamp down and can only attach to host.
type of skeleton: human
endoskeleton
type of skeleton: turtle
endoskeleton
type of skeleton: jellyfish
hydrostatic
type of skeleton: crab
exoskeleton
digestive system: insect
complete
digestive system: human
complete
digestive system: earthworm
complete
endoskeletons
are internal and are made up of bones and/ or catilage. animals with endoskeletons have softer tissues covering the outside of their bodies. EX: humans, fish, birds, and reptiles
exoskeletons
are external and cover all exposed surfaces of the animal. there is no soft tissue covering the outside of their bodies. EX: crabs, insects
hydrostatic skeleton
are areas of confined fluids under pressure within an animals body. No solid/ rigid framework. EX: worms, jellyfish
pros and cons of endoskeletons
- some protection to internal organs
- good range of motion, stead size growth
- internal framework allows for larger size (biggest animals)
pros and cons of exoskeletons
- most protection to internal organs
- limit range of motion
- growth= shedding
- rapid size increase
- most vulnerable during shedding
- limitation in great size
complete digestive tract
has 2 openings, mouth and anus
incomplete digestive tract
only 1 opening to the outside, food enters through it and waste goes out through it.
symmetry
3 types: asymmetrical, radial, and bilateral.
bilateral symmetry
paired body parts on either side of the median plane. EX: humans
asymmetrical
an organism that lacks symmetry. EX: some sponges
segmentation
the repetition of body parts along the longitudinal axis of the body. EX: earthworm
Porifera
EX: SPONGES
1. asymmetrical
2. intercellular
3. endoskeleton
4. unsegmented
Cnidaria
EX: JELLYFISH
1.stinging tentacles
2. radial symmetry
3. incomplete
4. hydrostatic
Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
EX: FLATWORMS, LIVERFLUKE. THINK PINK RIBBON
1. bilaterally symmetrical
2. incomplete digestive system
3. unsegmented
Nematoda or Aschelminthes (unsegmented)
EX: ASCARIA
1. unsegmented
2. complete
3. bilateral
4. hydrostatic
Annelida (segmented worms)
EX: EARTHWORMS
1. bilateral
2. hydrostatic
3. complete digestive
4. segmented
consists of fluids under pressure
hydrostatic
offers the least protection to internal organs
hydrostatic
consists of bone and/ or cartilage
endoskeletal
must be shed in order for the animal to grow
exoskeletal
the largest animals in the world have this skeletal system
endoskeletal
which phylum consists of animals with exoskeletons and jointed appendages
arthropoda
which phylum of animlas has specialized stinging tentacles
cnidaria
Coral is related to
jellyfish (both cnidarians)
horseshoe crab is related to
crayfish
a leech is in the same Phylum as
an earthworm
Mollusca
EX: CLAMS, SNAILS
1. exoskeleton
2. unsegmented
3. complete
4. bilateral
Arthopoda
EX: LOBSTER, CRAB
1. segmented
2. complete
3. bilateral
4. exoskeleton
Chordata
EX: HUMANS
1. endoskeleton
2. segmented
3. complete
4. bilateral
Echinoderms
EX: SEASTARS
1. radial, bilateral, asymmetrical
2. unsegmented
3. complete
4. endoskeleton
Name the 7 Chordata classes
- Jawless Fish
- Cartilage Fishes
- Bony Fish
- Amphibians
- Reptiles
- Birds
- Mammals
Jawless Fish (Class Petromyzontida)
“Rasping” mouthparts. EX: LAMPREY
Cartilage fish (Class Chondrichthyes)
Cartilage skeletons; most marine (salt water). EX: SHARKS, RAYS
Amphibians (Class Amphibia)
Most have gills in the early stages of life cycle and develop lungs for life on land. EX: FROGS, SALAMANDERS
Reptiles (Class Reptilia)
Most are well- adapted for land. Amniote egg and scales prevent water loss. First true land animals EX: SNAKE, ALLIGATOR
Birds (Class Aves)
Feathers and adaptations to make light weight for flight. Some flightless and limited- flight birds have other adaptations. Four chambered heart
Mammals (Class Mammalia)
Skin, hair, warm- blooded, mammary glands to nurse young. Usually intelligent. EX: HUMANS, FOX, WOODCHUCK
Bony Fish (Class Pisces)
Fish with true bone perch tissue with endoskeletons. EX: TUNA, PICKEREL, BASS
