Muscular System Intro Flashcards
Stable bone
Origin
Origin moves while insertion is stable. Same joint motion
Reversal of muscle action
Ability to respond to stimulus
Irritability
Ability to shorten when muscle receives stimulation
Contractility
Ability to stretch when force is applied
Extensibility
Force built up within a muscle. Greatest at midpoint
Tension
Distance from max elongation to max shortening
Excursion
Point at which muscle cannot shorten any further
Active insufficiency
Point at which muscle cannot be elongated any further
Passive insufficiency
Muscle contracts producing force without changing length of muscle. No motion at joint
Isometric
Muscle shortens and muscle attachments move toward each other
Concentric contraction
Muscle attachments move further apart. Produces greater force. Used to decelerate motion
Eccentric contraction
Resistance to limb varies but the speed stays the same. Fixed speed
Isokinetic
Muscle/muscle group that causes motion
Agonist
Muscle that performs opposite motion of agonist
Antagonist
Agonist and antagonist contract at the same time. No movement. To limit motion
Co-contraction
Muscle/group that supports a part and allows agonist to work more efficiently
Stabilizer
Contracts to prevent unwanted motion. Allows for only one motion
Neutralizer
Distal segment is fixed. Proximal is moving
Closed kinetic chain
Distal segment is moving and proximal is stabilized
Open kinetic chain
Movable bone. Usually distal
Insertion
Tends to be longer and has greater ROM
Parallel
Shorter but more numerous her given area
Oblique
Long thin fibers running entire length of muscle
Strap
Spindle-shaped. Most fibers runlength of muscle
Fusiform
Four sided, usually flat, broad attachments at end
Rhomboidal
Flat and fan shaped. Fibers radiating from narrow point.
Triangular
Short fibers attaching diagonally. Side of feather
Unipennate
Fibers attached at both sides of tendon. Full feather
Bipennate
Many tendons with oblique feathers in between
Multipennate
