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ANAPHY > MUSCULAR SYSTEM > Flashcards

MUSCULAR SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

responsible for all types of body movement

A

MUSCLES

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2
Q

attached by tendons to bones

A

SKELETAL MUSCLE

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3
Q

obvious stripes

A

STRIATED MUSCLE

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4
Q

only muscle tissue subject to conscious control

A

VOLUNTARY MUSCLE

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5
Q

encloses a single muscle fiber

A

ENDOMYSIUM

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6
Q

wraps around a fascicle of muscle fibers

A

PERIMYSIUM

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7
Q

covers the entire skeletal muscle

A

EPIMYSIUM

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8
Q

on the outside of the epimysium

A

FASCIA

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9
Q

found only on the walls of heart

A

CARDIAC MUSCLE

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10
Q

branching cells joined by gap junctions

A

INTERCALATED DISCS

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11
Q

mainly in the walls of hollow visceral organs

A

SMOOTH MUSCLE

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12
Q

specialized plasma membrane

A

SARCOLEMMA

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13
Q

long organelles inside muscle cell

A

MYOFIBRILS

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14
Q

light band

A

l band

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15
Q

dark band

A

A band

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16
Q

midline interruption

A

Z LINE

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17
Q

lighter central area

A

H ZONE

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18
Q

center of H zone

A

M LINE

19
Q

contractile unit of a muscle fiber

A

SARCOMERE

20
Q

thick filaments, composed of the protein myosin

A

MYOSIN FILAMENTS

21
Q

thin filaments, composed of the contractile protein actin

A

ACTIN FILAMENTS

22
Q

specialized smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM

23
Q

4 MAJOR FUNCTIONAL PROPRIETIES

A

CONTRACTILITY

EXCITABILITY / IRRITABILITY

EXTENSIBILITY

ELASTICITY

24
Q

the ability of the muscle to shorten forcefully or contract

A

CONTRACTILITY

25
Q

the capacity of muscles to respond to an electrical stimulus

A

EXCITABILITY / IRRITABILITY

26
Q

means a muscle can be stretched beyond its normal resting length and still be able to contract

A

EXTENSIBILITY

27
Q

the ability of muscle to spring back to its original resting length after it has been stretched

A

ELASTICITY

28
Q

gap between nerve and muscle filled with interstitial fluid

A

SYNAPTIC CLEFT

29
Q

contract to its fullest when stimulated adequately.

A

GRADED RESPONSE

30
Q

Graded responses can be produced in two ways

A

changing the frequency of muscle stimulation

changing the number of muscle cells being stimulated at one time

31
Q

single, brief, jerky contraction

A

MUSCLE TWITCH

32
Q

in most types of muscle activity, nerve impulses are delivered at a rapid rate

A

SUMMING OF CONTRACTIONS

33
Q

muscle contractions get stronger and smoother

A

UNFUSED TETANUS

34
Q

muscle is stimulated so rapidly that no evidence of relaxation is seen

A

FUSED TETANUS

35
Q

the only energy source that can be used to directly power muscle contraction

A

ATP

36
Q

Three pathways to regenerate ATP

A
  1. Direct phosphorylation of ADP by creatine phosphate
  2. Aerobic pathway
  3. Anaerobic glycolysis and lactic acid formation
37
Q

supplies ATP at rest and during light/moderate exercise

A

AEROBIC RESPIRATION

38
Q

reaction that breaks down glucose without oxygen

A

ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS / LACTIC ACID FORMATION

39
Q

TYPES OF MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS

A

ISOTONIC CONTRACTION

ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION

40
Q

myofilaments are able to slide past each other during contractions

the muscle shortens, and movement occurs

A

ISOTONIC CONTRACTION

41
Q

muscle filaments are trying to slide, but the muscle is pitted against an immovable object

A

ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION

42
Q

results from the production of antibodies that bind to acetylcholine receptors,

A

MYASTHENIA GRAVIS

43
Q

MUSCLE FUNCTIONS

A

Movement of the body

Maintenance of posture

Respiration

Production of body heat

Communication

Construction of organs and vessels

Contraction of the heart

ANAPHY (7 decks)

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