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TAAS SA ANAPHY EXAM CUTIE > Muscular System > Flashcards

Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

Aka “striated muscles”

A

Skeletal muscle

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2
Q

Type of muscle with no striations

A

Smooth Muscle

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3
Q

Spindle shaped type of muscle

A

Smooth Muscle

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4
Q

Cover bones and cartilages

A

Skeletal Muscle

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5
Q

Forms the bulk of the heart walls

A

Cardiac Muscle

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6
Q

Portion between two Z-discs

A

Sarcomere

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7
Q

Part of sarcomere that disappears when the muscle contracts

A

H zone

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8
Q

Actin alone

A

I-band

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9
Q

Two types of myofilaments

A

Thin filaments and thick filaments

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10
Q

Myosin plus actin

A

A-band

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11
Q

Two uninucleate muscles

A

Cardiac Muscle and Smooth Muscle

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12
Q

Found of the walls of hollow visceral organs

A

Smooth Muscle

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13
Q

Aligned along the length of the myofibrils

A

Sarcomere

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14
Q

Made up of double stranded F-action protein molecules

A

Actin

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15
Q

Thin filament that covers the binding sites

A

Troponin I

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16
Q

Spiral over the actin that covers the actin binding sites

A

Tropomyosin

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17
Q

Myosin head with attachment sites of the myosin

A

Superior head

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18
Q

Myosin head with attachment site for ATP

A

Inferior head

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19
Q

Conveys action potential towards sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

T-Tubule

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20
Q

Stores and release calcium

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

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21
Q

Muscle bundle/fascicle

A

Perimyseum

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22
Q

Skeletal muscle fiber

A

Epimysium

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23
Q

Muscle fibers

A

Endomysium

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24
Q

Has branching cell fibers joined by a special gap junction called intercalated discs

A

Cardiac Muscle

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25
Q

Center of the H Zone

A

M-line

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26
Q

Lighter central area of the A-band

A

H Zone

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27
Q

Contains tiny protein rods that hold adjacent thick filaments together

A

M-line

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28
Q

Forms a complex called troponin-tropomyosin complec

A

Troponin T

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29
Q

High affinity with calcium

A

Troponin C

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30
Q

Cytoplasm of a muscle fiber

A

Sarcoplasm

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31
Q

Cell membrane of a muscle fiber

A

Sarcolemma

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32
Q

Ability to receive and respond to a stimulus

A

Irritability/Responsiveness

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33
Q

Ability to forcibly shorten when adequately stimulated

A

Contractility

34
Q

Ability of muscle fibers to stretch

A

Extensibility

35
Q

Ability to recoil and resume original resting length after being stretched

A

Elasticity

36
Q

Allows the motor neurons to transmit signals to muscle fiber

A

Neuromuscular junction

37
Q

Neuromuscular junction where acetylcholine is stored

A

Synaptic vesicle

38
Q

Main neurotransmitter of neuromuscular junction

A

Acetylcholine

39
Q

Aka “nicotinic receptors”

A

ACH Receptors

40
Q

Aka “Muscarinic Receptors”

A

ACH Receptors

41
Q

ATP generation pathway with coupled reaction of creatinine phosphate and ADP

A

Direct phosphorolation

42
Q

ATP generation pathway using aerobic cellular respiration

A

Aerobic pathway

43
Q

ATP generation pathway using glycolysis and lactic acid formation

A

Anaerobic pathway

44
Q

Products of aerobic pathway

A

32 ATP per glucose and CO2H2O

45
Q

Products of direct phosphorolation

A

1 ATP per CP and creatine

46
Q

Products of anaerobic pathway

A

2 ATP per glucose and lactic acid

47
Q

No change in muscle tone

A

Isotonic contraction

48
Q

Two types of isotonic contraction

A

Concentric and eccentric contraction

49
Q

Load impose is constant

A

Isotonic contraction

50
Q

Muscle shortening

A

Concentric contraction

51
Q

Muscle lengthening

A

Eccentric contraction

52
Q

No change in joint angle

A

Isometric contraction

53
Q

Tension in the muscle keeps increasing

A

Isometric contraction

54
Q

Attached to the immovable or less movable bone

A

Origin

55
Q

Attached to the movable bone

A

Insertion

56
Q

Serves as the anchor or leverage point

A

Origin

57
Q

Moves toward the origin

A

Insertion

58
Q

Moving the arms forward

A

Flexion

59
Q

Extending the arms backward

A

Extension

60
Q

Leg forward

A

Extension

61
Q

Leg backward

A

Flexion

62
Q

Arms sideways

A

Abduction

63
Q

Arms at the side of the body

A

Adduction

64
Q

Rotating arms outward

A

External rotation

65
Q

Rotating arms inwards

A

Internal rotation

66
Q

Moving head side to side

A

Rotation

67
Q

Moving hand in a circular direction (outwards to inwards)

A

Circumduction

68
Q

Aka “prime mover”

A

Agonist

69
Q

Passively elongate to allow the agonist

A

Antagonist

70
Q

Performs the same as the agonist

A

Synergist

71
Q

Specialized synergists

A

Fixator

72
Q

Obstructs unwanted motion

A

Synergist

73
Q

Hold a bone still or stabilize the origin of a prime mover so all the tension can be used to move the insertion bone

A

Fixator

74
Q

Muscle type with epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium

A

Skeletal muscle

75
Q

Muscle type with endomysium attached to the fibrous skeleton of the heart

A

Cardiac Muscle

76
Q

Muscle type with endomysium

A

Smooth Muscle

77
Q

What neurotransmitter removes ACH

A

Achesterase

78
Q

Tension in the muscle keeps increasing

A

Isometric contraction

79
Q

What happens when calcium is released in sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

Action potential

80
Q

What happens when calcium is stored in sarcoplasmic reticulum?

A

No action potential

TAAS SA ANAPHY EXAM CUTIE (4 decks)

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