Integumentary ( LAB) Flashcards
lines body cavities and form protective sheets
Body membranes
represented by synovial membranes
connective tissue membranes
consists of cutaneous, mucous, and serous membranes
epithelial membranes
exposed to air and is a dry membrane
epithelial membrane
composed of stratified squamous membranes
epidermis
composed of dense connective tissues
dermis
type of epithelial membrane that rests on a connective tissue membrane called lamina propria. it also lines all body cavities that open to the exterior
mucous membrane
known as serosa, this epithelial membrane lines body cavities that are closed to the exterior
serous membranes
type of serous membrane that lines a specific portion of the ventral body cavity
parietal layer
this type of serous membrane covers the outside of the organ in that cavity
visceral membrane
largest organ of the body which takes 15-20% of the body weight. this organ protects, insulates, and synthesizes vitamin D
skin
a type of connective tissue membrane that is composed of areolar connective tissues and lines the fibrous capsules, and surrounding joints to provide a smooth and lubricated surface
synovial membrane
first layer of the integumentary system that is made up of keratinocytes that produces keratin
epidermis
layer of epidermis that protects the body from infection and is waterproof
corneum
layer of epidermis that is found on palms and soles
lucidum
layer of epidermis that retains water and regulates heat
granulusum
layer of epidermis that protects basale
spinosum
known as germinativum, this layer of epidermis has melanocytes and is a site of epidermal regeneration
basale
this is formed from a strong shearing force applied to the skin. layers may separate and interstitial fluid then accumulates in the space
blister
layer of the skin that is known as corium and “true skin”. it has elastin and collagen for elasticity and toughness
dermis
upper layer of dermis that forms fingerprints/footprints
papillary layer
lower layer of dermis
reticular layer
this layer of the skin contains lymphatics, nerve endings, blood vessels, sebaceous and sweat glands
dermis
one of the receptors found in the dermis that receives pain and itch
free nerve endings
one of the receptors found in dermis that reacts to light touch
merkel’s receptors
another receptor found in dermis that reacts to light touch
meisner’s receptors
one of the receptors found in dermis which responds to heat
ruffini’s corpuscles
one of the receptors found in dermis that reacts to cold
Kraus end bulbs
one of the receptors found in dermis that reacts to pressure and vibration
Pacinian corpuscles
comes in three specific types and is responsible for freckles and moles
melanin
orange-yellow pigment that is usually found in the stratum corneum and the subcutaneous tissue. it may have a slight yellow orange cast to the skin if consumed in large amount
carotene
known as hypodermis, this layer of the skin contains fats and loose connective tissues. This supports, insulates, cushions, and stores energy
subcutaneous tissue
this pigment is found on red blood cells. this allows binding of oxygen to the cells
hemoglobin
is produced when CO (carbon monoxide) poisoning occurs
cherry red
color of skin which indicates anemia, arterial insufficiency, shock, fear, or lack of sunlight exposure
pallor/pale
color of skin which indicates smoking, arterial obstruction, advanced lung disease, CHD, or CHF
cyanosis
color of skin which indicates venous insufficiency
brown
color of skin which indicates liver disease or carotenemia
jaundice
brownish yellow spots on skin due to aging, pregnancy, liver/urine malignancies
liver spots
one of the appendages of the skin that is also known as the sudoriferous gland. this gland produces sweat.
sweat glands
known as oil gland, this gland produces oil and sebum
sebaceous gland
also known as arrector pili muscle, this smooth muscle is responsible for goose bumps
erector pili muscle
this has three concentric layers: cuticle, cortex, and medulla
hair
type of hair that is course, thick, and pigmented. found on the scalp,eyebrows, and eyelashes
terminal hair
type of hair that is short and fine. it is found on chest and arms
vellus
scale like modification of the epidermis that corresponds to the hoof/claw of other animals
nail
also known as nail tip
free edge
visible attached portion of the nail
body
part of the nail that is embedded in the skin
root
borders of the nail are overlapped by folds of skin
nail folds
edge of the thick proximal nail fold
cuticle
extension of S. basale beneath the nail
nail matrix
the white cresent
lunule/lunula
thickened proximal area of nail matrix that is responsible for nail growth
nail bed
itchy, red, peeling condition of the skin between the toesfrom an infection with the fungus tinea pedis
athlete’s foot
caused by inflammation of hair follicles and surrounding tissues
boils
clusters of boils often caused by bacterium staphylococcus aureus
carbuncles
small fluid filled blisters that is caused by human herpesvirus 1 infection. the virus localizes in a cutaneous nerve where it remains dormant until activated by emotional upset, fever, or UV radiation
cold sores
itching, redness, and swelling of the skin which progresses to blistering. caused by exposure of skin to chemicals that provoke allergy
contact dermatitis
pink, fluid-filled raised lesions that develop a yellow crust and eventually a rupture. Caused by highly
contagious staphylococcus or streptococcus infections
impetigo
reddened epidermal lesions covered with dry, silvery scales that itch, burn, crack, and sometimes bleed.
psoriasis
skin injury caused by fire, thermal, electric currents, radiation, uv light
burns
types of burn damage to the epidermis that manifests skin erythema, slight edema, tenderness, and shows no blistering. Usually takes 3-7 days.
superficial burn
damage to the epidermis and upper layer of dermis. heals up 7-21 days
superficial-partial thickness
type of partial thickness burn which refers to the damage to the epidermis and most of the dermis. formation of raised scars and usually takes 21-35 days to heal.
deep partial thickness
degree of burn injury which damages the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
full thickness burn or third degree burn
degree of burn injury which damages the Damage to epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue, extending to
muscles & bones
subdermal burn or 4th degree burn
type of cell carcinoma that is slow growing, ivory in appearance, rarely metastasizes, and mostly caused by sun exposure
basal cell carcinoma
type of cell carcinoma that is fast growing, flat red area, ulcer/nodule, has poorly defined border, and can metastasize.
squamous cell carcinoma
type of cell carcinoma that is a tumor arising from melanocytes. >6mm in size
malignant melanoma.
