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Pe > Muscular System > Flashcards

Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

Flexion at the Shoulder (Muscles)

A

Anterior Deltoid

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2
Q

Extension at the Shoulder (Muscles)

A

Posterior Deltoid

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3
Q

Abduction at the Shoulder (Muscles)

A

Deltoid

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4
Q

Horizontal Flexion at the Shoulder (Muscles)

A

Pectoralis Major

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5
Q

Medial Rotation at the Shoulder (Muscles)

A

Trapezius

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6
Q

Lateral Rotation at the Shoulder (Muscles)

A

Teres Major

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7
Q

Flexion at the Elbow (Muscles)

A

Biceps Brachii

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8
Q

Extension at the Elbow (Muscles)

A

Triceps Brachii

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9
Q

Pronation at the Radioulnar Joint (Muscles)

A

Pronator Teres

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10
Q

Supination at the Radioulnar Joint (Muscles)

A

Supinator Muscle

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11
Q

Flexion at the Wrist (Muscles)

A

Wrist Flexors

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12
Q

Extension at the Wrist (Muscles)

A

Wrist Extensors

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13
Q

Flexion at the Vertebrae (Muscles)

A

Rectus Abdominus

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14
Q

Extension at the Vertebrae (Muscles)

A

Erector Spinae

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15
Q

Lateral Flexion at the Vertebrae (Muscles)

A

Internal+External Obliques

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16
Q

Flexion at the Hip (Muscles)

A

Iliopsas

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17
Q

Extension/Abduction at the Hip (Muscles)

A

Gluteus Maximus,Medius and Minimus

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18
Q

Adduction at the Hip (Muscles)

A

Adductor Longus, Brevis and Magnus

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19
Q

Flexion at the Knee (Muscles)

A

Bicep Femoris, Semitendinosus and Semimebranosus

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20
Q

Extension at the Knee (Muscles)

A

Rectus Femoris and Vastus Medialis, Lateralis and Intermedius

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21
Q

Dorsiflexion at the Ankle (Muscles)

A

Tibialis Anterior

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22
Q

Plantarflexion at the Ankle (Muscles)

A

Gastrocnemius and Soleus

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23
Q

Agonist (Definition)

A

The Muscle/s responsible for a movement

24
Q

Antagonist (Definition)

A

The Muscle/s that relax in response to the active muscle

25
Q

Fixator (Definition)

A

The Muscle/s that help stabilise a joint during a movement

26
Q

Hypertrophy (Definition, Muscle)

A

An increase in the size of a muscle

27
Q

Hyperplasia (Definition, Muscle)

A

The splitting of muscle fibres to increase their number

28
Q

Contraction Time (Definition, Muscle)

A

The speed at which the muscle fibres types contract

29
Q

Motor Neuron (Definition, Muscle)

A

The Number of muscle fibres attached to a single nerve

30
Q

Resistance to Fatigue (Definition, Muscle)

A

How quickly the muscle fibres get tired

31
Q

Force Production (Definition, Muscle)

A

How hard the muscle fibres contract

32
Q

Mitochondria (Definition, Muscle)

A

Provide energy to the muscle fibres using oxygen

33
Q

Capillary Density (Definition, Muscle)

A

Higher Capillary Density provides more oxygen to the muscle fibres

34
Q

Oxidative Capacity (Definition, Muscle)

A

The Muscles’ capacity to use oxygen when working

35
Q

Glycolytic Capacity (Definition, Muscle)

A

The body’s capacity to use glycogen when working

36
Q

Major Fuel (Definition, Muscle)

A

The fuel source the muscle fibre prefers to use

37
Q

What are the names/type of the three muscle fibres?

A

Slow twitch fibres (type i)
Fast oxidative glycolytic fibres
(type iia)
Fast twitch glycolytic fibres (type iib)

38
Q

What are the abbreviations for the muscle fibres

A

Type i- SO
Type iia- FOG
Type iib- FG

39
Q

Contraction time (muscle fibres)

A

i- slow
iia- fast
iib- very fast

40
Q

Size of motor neurons (muscle fibres)

A

i- small
iia- large
iib- very large

41
Q

Resistance to fatigue (muscle fibres)

A

i- high
iia- intermediate
iib- low

42
Q

Activity used predominantly in (muscle fibres)

A

i- Long duration Aerobic
iia- Moderate duration Aerobic
iib- Short duration anaerobic

43
Q

Force production (muscle fibres)

A

i- low
iia- high
iib- very high

44
Q

Mitochondrial Density (muscle fibres)

A

i- high
iia- high
iib- low

45
Q

Capillary density (muscle fibres)

A

i- high
iia- intermediate
iib- low

46
Q

Oxidative capacity (muscle fibres)

A

i- high
iia- high
iib- low

47
Q

Glycolytic capacity (muscle fibres)

A

i- low
iia- high
iib- high

48
Q

Major storage fuel (muscle fibres

A

i- Triglycerides
iia- CP, glycogen
iib- CP, glycogen

49
Q

Positive Short-term impacts of physical activity (3) (muscular system)

A
  • increased blood flow
  • increase in muscle temperature
  • increase alertness
50
Q

Negative short-term effects of physical activity (3) (muscular system)

A
  • increased chance of muscle soreness
  • can be left fatigued
  • depleted energy and myoglobin stores
51
Q

Importance of a warm up (2) (muscular system)

A
  • increase in blood flow improves oxygen, glycogen and triglyceride levels
  • muscle warm ups and stretching reduces the risk of injury in muscles
52
Q

Importance of a cool down (2) (muscular system)

A
  • provides an opportunity to replenish glycogen and cp levels
  • refreshes levels of oxygen in the myoglobin and gets rid of lactic acid
53
Q

Positive long-term effect of physical activity (4) (muscular system)

A
  • increased muscle fibre thickness
  • increased number of muscle fibres
  • increased fuel sources (CP, glycogen and triglycerides)
  • muscle hypertrophy
54
Q

Negative long-term effects of physical activity (2) (muscular system)

A
  • repeated activity with little rest can cause overuse injuries in the muses
  • possible injuries due to inflammation
55
Q

Isometric Contraction Definition

A

Muscle contraction were the muscle is neither shortening or lengthening, but still under tension

56
Q

Concentric Contraction Definition

A

Muscle contraction were the muscle shortens under tension

57
Q

Eccentric contraction definition

A

Muscle contraction were the muscle lengthens under tension

Pe (5 decks)

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