Muscular System

Question 1

muscular system

Answer 1

• controls movement of body

Question 2

muscle contraction

Answer 2

• sliding of actin and myosin filament together within muscle cell or fiber

Question 3

what are muscles composed of?

Answer 3

• fibers

= thick and thin filaments (creates tension + contraction)

Question 4

sacromeres

Answer 4

• muscle cell that consist of myofibrils in smaller units

Question 5

what do muscles need for contraction

Answer 5

• calcium

- ATP

Question 6

how do calcium ions cause muscles to move

Answer 6

• nervous stimulation releases calcium
• calcium attaches to inhibitory proteins on actin filaments
• cross-bridges between actin + myosin = contraction

Question 7

types of muscles

Answer 7

• skeletal
• smooth
• cardiac

Question 8

skeletal muscle

Answer 8

• voluntary muscles

Question 9

prime mover

Answer 9

• muscle that executes a given movement

Question 10

antagonist

Answer 10

• muscle produces opposite movement

Question 11

synergists

Answer 11

• muscles that work together w prime mover

Question 12

smooth muscle

Answer 12

• involuntary

- found in organs such as stomach and blood vessels

Question 13

cardiac muscle

Answer 13

• involuntary

- muscles that pump blood from heart to body

Question 14

muscle sizes

Answer 14

• maximus
• minimus
• longus
• brevis

Question 15

muscle shapes

Answer 15

• deltoid
• trapezius
• serratus
• rhomboid

Question 16

muscle origins

Answer 16

• biceps (2 origins)
• triceps (3 origins)
• quadriceps (4 origins)

Question 17

abductor

Answer 17

• moves bone away from midline

Question 18

adductor

Answer 18

• moves bone toward midline

Question 19

flexor

Answer 19

• decreases angle of joint

Question 20

extensor

Answer 20

• increases angle of joint

Question 21

depressor

Answer 21

• moves downward

Question 22

levator

Answer 22

• moves upward

Question 23

pronator

Answer 23

• turns palm down

Question 24

supinator

Answer 24

• turns palm upward

Question 25

sphincter

Answer 25

• reduces size of opening

Question 26

tensor

Answer 26

• makes rigid

Question 27

rotator

Answer 27

• moves bone around its axes

Question 28

muscular system function

Answer 28

• controls movement

- maintains body posture, position, joint stability

Question 29

muscle contraction function

Answer 29

• produce heat

- maintain body temp.

Question 30

how does the muscular system work with the integumentary system

Answer 30

• by moving the facial skin to produce expressions

Question 31

how does the muscular system work with the skeletal system

Answer 31

• by moving the bones at the point of articulation (joint)

Question 32

how does the muscular system work with the nervous system

Answer 32

• by housing receptors that tell the brain about body position and movement

Question 33

how does the muscular system work with the circulatory system

Answer 33

• by pushing blood through the vessels of the body

Question 34

how does the muscular system work with the respiratory system

Answer 34

• by moving the diaphragm so that the lungs can inflate and deflate

Question 35

how does the muscular system work with the digestive system

Answer 35

• by moving food down esophagus, breaking it up in stomach, pushing it through intestines

Question 36

how does the muscular system work with the urinary system

Answer 36

• by controlling the release of urine