Integumentary System Flashcards
1
Q
what is the integumentary system
A
- includes skin, hair, nails, and exocrine glands.
- skin is the largest organ in body
2
Q
what are the 3 layers of the integumentary system
A
- epidermis (outer)
- dermis (middle)
- hypodermis (inner)
3
Q
which layer contains specialized cells? what are they?
A
- in the epidermis
- includes keratinocytes and melanocytes
4
Q
keratinocytes
A
- tough, water-resistant protective layer of skin
5
Q
melanocytes
A
- produce pigment (melanin)
- protects skin from UV
- determines skin color
6
Q
what is in the dermis?
A
- nerves
- blood vessels
- exocrine glands
7
Q
is sebum located in the dermis?
A
- mid-dermis
8
Q
what is sudoriferous glands
A
- sweat glands
- secrete water / sodium chloride = lower body temp. / - evaporation via skin
9
Q
what do sebaceous glands do
A
- secrete sebum!
- sebum: oily substance / waterproofs + lubricates skin
- palm and feet lack subaceous glands
10
Q
what is ceruminous glands
A
- only occur in dermis of ear canal
- produce waxy substance that lubricates eardrum
= dust + particles away
11
Q
where is the subcutaneous tissue
A
- in hypodermis
- composed of adipose + fat
12
Q
what is hair made out of
A
- dead keratinocytes
- follicle extends down in dermis
- inside follicle = melanocytes give hair color
new cells produced = push older ones out (dandruff/flakes) - as age increase = production of enzyme of melanin decreases
13
Q
what are toenails and fingernails composed of
A
sheets of keratinocytes
14
Q
what does the integumentary system do
A
- protects underlying tissues from disease, UV, other external damage
- skin regulates body temp. through evaporation of sweat and regulation of blood flow
15
Q
how does the integumentary system work with skeletal system
A
- by activating vitamin D to provide calcium for bones
