Muscular considerations for movement Flashcards
What are major contributors to human movement?
Muscles
What muscles are under direct voluntary control?
Skeletal muscles
What are the muscle properties?
Irritability or excitability, contractility, extensibility, and elasticity
What is the ability to respond to stimulation?
Irritability or excitability
What is the ability to generate tension and shorten when receiving stimulation?
Contractility
What is the ability to lengthen ( stretch) beyond
Extensibility
What are the 3 main muscle functions?
Produces movement, maintains postures and positions, and stabilizes joints
Muscles control the ________ and ________ to the body and allows voluntary control over _________ and _____________. What is wrong if this function does not happen.
Entrances, exit, swallowing and excretion. Problems with nervous system
What do muscles support and protect?
Visceral organ and other internal tissue
Where does muscle alter and control pressure?
Within body cavities.
Muscles typically act in _________
unision
How does muscle maintain body temp?
Produced heat by shivering
What are compartments defined by?
Fascia
What are compartments commonly named by?
location
What type of fiber arrangement is most powerful
parallel ( quads)
Why do muscles typically act in unision?
It is common to be innervated by same nerve
What fiber arrangement is better for quick movement?
pennate
What are the types of parallel muscles?
Flat, Fusiform, Strap, Convergent, and Circular
What muscle is thin and broad, forces over large area?
Flat
What are examples of Flat muscles?
Rectus abdomins, external oblique
What muscle os spindle-shaped with central muscle belly, force to small bony sites?
Fusiform
What are examples of Fusiforms?
Biceps brachii, brachioradialis
What muscle has no muscle belly regions with uniform diameter along the length of the muscle, force transmitted to targeted sites.
Strap
What are examples of strap muscles?
Sartorius
What muscles Combined arrangement of flat and fusiform fiber shapes originating on broad
aponeuroses and converge onto a tendon
Convergent
What are examples of convergent muscles
Pectoralis major, trapezius
What muscles have concentric arrangements of strap muscles surrounding openings
Circular
What are examples of circular muscles?
Orbicularis oris
The actually parallel fibers have the force to _______
Shorten
What does a larger physiological cross-section allow?
Greater force generation and strength
What fiber arrangement has a Greater range of shortening and movement velocity due to longer resting length
Parallel
What fibers Force of fiber at an angle to line
of pull
Pennate
When comparing parrel and pennate fibers we use ________
The physiological cross sections
What fibers run diagolly off to one side of the tendon?
Unipennate
What is an example of a bipennate muscle?
Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and infraspinatus
Force is in the same direction of what muscle?
Parallel
Why is there a greater range of shortening and movement velocity?
Because of longer resting length
Name the layers of muscle fibers from superficial to deep.
Tendon/Attachment, Epimysium, Perimysium, Endomysium, Muscle fiber
What is fiber type important for?
Muscle metabolism and energy consumption
Do most muscles contain both types of fibers?
Yes
What fiber type is oxidative , has slow contraction times and is sutiable for prolonged low intensity work?
Slow twitch fibers Type 1
What are the two types of fast twitch fibers?
Type 2a and Type 2b
Which fiber is oxidative-glyocolytic and can sustain for long periods then fatigue or only food for short bursts?
Type 2a
Which fiber is glycolytic and has rapid force production and quick fatigue?
Rapid force production and quick fatigue
Muscle _____ produces joint movement and provides the joint with dynamic joint stability
contraction
In order for muscles to perform their job properly the muscle must be in ________ _______ _______.
optimal length-tension relationship
What is an optimal L-T relationship?
Position where the muscle can generate the most tension with the least effort.
