Muscles - Structure And Function

Question 1

What do muscles do?

Answer 1

① maintain posture and position.
② produce movement
③ other functions - heat production and driving circulatory Systems

Question 2

What are the 3 types of muscles?

Answer 2

① cardiac muscles (heart)
② smooth muscle (blood vessels and hollow organs)
③ skeletal muscle (Control, voluntary movements)

Question 3

What are parallel and pennate muscles? Which one is stronger?

Answer 3

Parallel muscles are not as strong as pennate muscles as there are less muscles fibres in parallel muscles.
Pennate muses are stronger as more fibres are packed, they also have a greater pcsa

Question 4

Parallel vs pennate muscles - which one is faster?

Answer 4

Parallel muscles are faster as they have to shorten over a shorter distance.
Penuate muscles are slower as fibers have to shorten over a greater distance to shorten the muscles over the same distance.

Question 5

What is isometric concentration?

Answer 5

When the external force = the muscle force
Muscle length will stay constant

Question 6

What is concentric concentration?

Answer 6

When external force is less than muscle force
Muscle Can be shortening when contracting.

Question 7

What is eccentric concentration?

Answer 7

When external force is Greater than muscle force
Muscle can be engtherring while contracting.

Question 8

What is sarcomere?

Answer 8

A surcomere consists of 2 inter digital myofiliments
① actin (thin)
② myosin (thick)

Question 9

What is the muscle hierarchical structure?

Answer 9

① muscles
② fascicles
③ muscle fibres
④ myofibril
⑤ sarcomere

Question 10

What is the sliding filament model?

Answer 10

➡️actin and myosin filaments slide towards each other
➡️main source of sliding force
➡️ interactions between myosin heads and acting binding sites, called cross bridges

cross bridges = are temporary formed mechanical bridges between actin binding sites and myosin heads