Connective Tissue Flashcards
What are the 4 types of tissue
① muscle tissue
② Nervous tissue
③ epithelial tissue
④ connective tissue
What examples of connective tissue are there?
① Bones
② ligaments
③ Fat
④ Blood
What are the functions of connective tissue
① Bind to and support other tissues e.g ligaments and bones
② Protect and insulate organs e.g fat
③ Transport nutrients e.g blood
What features do connective tissue contain.
Cells and a matrix
The matrix contains protein fibres which sit in The ground substance
What types of cells are found in connective tissue?
Immature cells- these cells have a job to secrete the matrix, cells in this class end in blast
Mature cells - these cells have a job to maintain the matrix, Cells in this class end in cyte.
What is ground substance and what is its function.
. Ground substance Can be fluid, gel or solid and is composed of proteoglycans
It is amorphous which means it has no shape.
Purpose-
① support cells in the matrix
② bind the cell together
③ is a medium for substances to exchange between such as blood and cells.
What are the 2 types of protein fibers
① elastin fibres
② collagen fibres
Collagen fibres are very tough and strong as well as being resistant to tension forces
Collagen fibres are often arranged in bundles which gives it more strength
Collagen fibres have a structure that LOOKs like a Curly wirly
elastin fibres gives flexibility
elastin fibres look like instant noodles
What are the 3 main types of cartilage
① hyaline Cartilage
② Fibro Cartilage
③ elastin Cartilage (don’t need to know much about)
What is hyaline cartilage?
Hyaline cartilage covers particular surfaces and joints
It reduces friction and absorbs shock
Chondro = cartilage
Chondrocytes are cells that maintain the matrix in connective tissue
What is fibro cartilage
Fibro cartilage forms discs and rings between joints such as spinal discs
Fibro cartilage in hip joint.
Example menisci in the knee injury would be disc prolapse
What is dense regular connective tissue?
Provides strength in a single direction
Examples are ligaments and tendons
What examples of dense regular tissue are there?
Examples include ligaments which Attach bone to bone and stabilie joints
Another example is tendon which attach muscle to bone an example injury of tendon is the Achilles tendon rupture.
What is dense irregular connective tissue?
Dense irregular connective tissue provides strength in multiple directions
examples are capsule and deep fascia
What is deep fascia?
Deep fascia is a sheet of connective tissue surrounding and protecting muscles
It is a thin shinny sheet that covers muscles
Also holds muscles together and separates into functional groups.
What is a joint capsule?
A joint capsule is an example of dense irregular connective tissue
It is an envelope surrounding synovial joint
