Connective Tissue

Question 1

What are the 4 types of tissue

Answer 1

① muscle tissue
② Nervous tissue
③ epithelial tissue
④ connective tissue

Question 2

What examples of connective tissue are there?

Answer 2

① Bones
② ligaments
③ Fat
④ Blood

Question 3

What are the functions of connective tissue

Answer 3

① Bind to and support other tissues e.g ligaments and bones
② Protect and insulate organs e.g fat
③ Transport nutrients e.g blood

Question 4

What features do connective tissue contain.

Answer 4

Cells and a matrix
The matrix contains protein fibres which sit in The ground substance

Question 5

What types of cells are found in connective tissue?

Answer 5

Immature cells- these cells have a job to secrete the matrix, cells in this class end in blast
Mature cells - these cells have a job to maintain the matrix, Cells in this class end in cyte.

Question 6

What is ground substance and what is its function.

Answer 6

. Ground substance Can be fluid, gel or solid and is composed of proteoglycans
It is amorphous which means it has no shape.
Purpose-
① support cells in the matrix
② bind the cell together
③ is a medium for substances to exchange between such as blood and cells.

Question 7

What are the 2 types of protein fibers

Answer 7

① elastin fibres
② collagen fibres

Collagen fibres are very tough and strong as well as being resistant to tension forces
Collagen fibres are often arranged in bundles which gives it more strength
Collagen fibres have a structure that LOOKs like a Curly wirly

elastin fibres gives flexibility
elastin fibres look like instant noodles

Question 8

What are the 3 main types of cartilage

Answer 8

① hyaline Cartilage
② Fibro Cartilage
③ elastin Cartilage (don’t need to know much about)

Question 9

What is hyaline cartilage?

Answer 9

Hyaline cartilage covers particular surfaces and joints
It reduces friction and absorbs shock
Chondro = cartilage
Chondrocytes are cells that maintain the matrix in connective tissue

Question 10

What is fibro cartilage

Answer 10

Fibro cartilage forms discs and rings between joints such as spinal discs
Fibro cartilage in hip joint.
Example menisci in the knee injury would be disc prolapse

Question 11

What is dense regular connective tissue?

Answer 11

Provides strength in a single direction
Examples are ligaments and tendons

Question 12

What examples of dense regular tissue are there?

Answer 12

Examples include ligaments which Attach bone to bone and stabilie joints
Another example is tendon which attach muscle to bone an example injury of tendon is the Achilles tendon rupture.

Question 13

What is dense irregular connective tissue?

Answer 13

Dense irregular connective tissue provides strength in multiple directions
examples are capsule and deep fascia

Question 14

What is deep fascia?

Answer 14

Deep fascia is a sheet of connective tissue surrounding and protecting muscles
It is a thin shinny sheet that covers muscles
Also holds muscles together and separates into functional groups.

Question 15

What is a joint capsule?

Answer 15

A joint capsule is an example of dense irregular connective tissue
It is an envelope surrounding synovial joint

Question 16

What is the function of the skeleton structure?

Answer 16

① Support
② movement
③ storage of minerals
④ Protection
⑤ production of blood cells
⑥ endocrine regulation

Question 17

What is the primary function of the axial skeleton:skull?

Answer 17

To protect the brain and give a frame work for teeth and Primary structures.

Question 18

What ave the 5 types of bone

Answer 18

① long bone- support weight and allow movement in the appendicular skeleton.
② short bone- such as in wrist and ankles
③ Flat bone- provides protection and areas for muscle to attach to
④ irregular bone - varry in shape and structure, help protect specific internal organs ⇒ pelvis
⑤ sesamoïd bone - imbedded in tendons, protect tendons from stress and ware

Question 19

Bone composition - what are the 2 types?

Answer 19

① Spongy bone or cancellous - light and strong
② compact bone _ dense and tough

Question 20

What are the types of bone cells

Answer 20

① osteoblasts - create
② osteocytes - monitor
③ osteoclasts - breakdown

Question 21

Joint classification
What is synathroses, amphiarthroses and diarthroses

Answer 21

Synathroses are immovable joints
Amphiarthroses are slightly moveable joints
Diarthroses are freely moveable joints.

Question 22

What are synovial joints

Answer 22

They are freely moveable
Deepest component of the joint
- synovial fluid
- synovial membrane
- joint capsule
- extra capsular joint ligament
Most superficial component.