muscles physiology; building of muscle organ - cells, tissue, organ and muscle contraction process and regulation Flashcards
4 functions of muscular tissue
producing body movement s
stabilising body positions
movement of substances within the body
producing heat
5 properties of muscle tissue
excitability conductivity contractility extensibility elasticity
Muscle tissue.
what does it consist of?
what 3 types are they?
elongated cells called muscle fibres or myocytes that are modified for contraction using ATP as energy
skeletal
cardiac
smooth
what are the 5 components of the connective tissue of the muscle? EPETA
Epimysium
perimysium
endomysium
tendons and aponeurosis
Nerve and blood supply.
what are muscles innervated by?
each muscle fibre is in contact with one or more capillaries. what do capillaries do?
somatic motor neurons
supply oxygen and nutrients and remove heat and waste products
sarcoplasm.
2 structure
2 function
located within the cell
contains glycogen, myoglobin and calcium
provide shape to cell
hold organelles in place
sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) 1 structure 1 function
fluid filled system of membranous sacs
sotres Ca2+
myofibrils
2 structure
1 functions
small, thread links structure in sarcoplasm
extend entire length of muscle cell
contractile organelle
myofilaments
2 structure
1 function
small protein structures arranges in sarcomeres
thick - myosin. thin - actin
contraction
myofibrils composed of 3 types of muscle proteins. what are they? 2 examples
contractile - myosin and actin
regulatory - troponin and tropomyosin
structural - Titian and myosin
contractile proteins.
myosin and actin
2 structure each
1 function
myosin
- main component of thick filament
- shaped like 2 golf clubs twisted together
actin
- main component of thin filament
- contains myosin binding site
generate force during contraction
regulatory proteins
tropomyosin
troponin
2 structure each
1 function
tropomyosin
- covers myosin in binding site of actin molecules
- strands held in place by troponin molecules
Troponin
- complex of 3 proteins
- lies within the groove between actin filaments
help switch contraction process on and off
what are 3 structural proteins?
Titin
dystrophin
myomesin and nebulin
sarcomere (basic functional unit of myofibril)
components include 4 things. what are they?
Z disc
bands
h zone
m line
z disc (component of sarcomere)
1 structure
1 function
narrow, plate shaped region of dense protein material
act as anchoring points for thin filaments