Muscles (Overview/General) Flashcards
Voluntary somatic muscle the makes up the gross skeletal muscle that compose the muscular system, moving or stabilizing bone and other structures.
Skeletal Striated Muscle
Involuntary visceral muscle that forms most the of the walls of the heart and adjacent parts of great vessels, such as the aorta, and pumps blood.
Cardiac Striated Muscle
Involuntary visceral muscle that forms parts or the walls of most vessels and hollow organs (viscera), moving substances though them by coordinated sequential contractions (peristaltic contractions).
Smooth Muscle
Flat Muscle
Parallel fibers; often with an aponeurosis. (Extensor oblique)
Pennate Muscle
Feather-like; can be uni-, bi-, or mutipennate. (uni= extensor digitorum longus, bi= rectus femoris, multi= deltoid)
Fusiform Muscle
Spindle shaped with a round, thick belly, and tapered ends. (biceps brachii)
Convergent Muscle
Arise from a broad area and coverage to form a single tendon. (pectoralis major)
Quadrate Muscle
Have four equal sides. (rectus abdominis)
Circular/Sphincteral Muscle
Surround a body opening or orifice; constricting it when contracted. (obicularis oculi)
Multiheaded/Multibellied Muscle
Have more than one head of attachment, or more than one contractile belly. (triceps brachii)
Main muscle responsible for producing a specific movement of the body.
Prime mover (Agonist)
Steadies the proximal parts of the limb through isometric contraction, while the movement is occurring in the distal parts.
Fixator
Complements the action of a prime mover.
Synergist
Muscle the opposes the action of another muscle.
Antagonist
Shunt Muscle
Acts to maintain contact between articular surfaces of the joint it crosses.
