muscles of the human body Flashcards
pectoralis major
large chest muscle responsible for arm flexion & adduction
pectoralis minor
small chest muscle located beneath the pectoralis major
subclavius
muscle located beneath the clavicle responsible for depressing the clavicle
latissimus dorsi
large back muscle responsible for arm extension & adduction
serratus anterior
muscle located on the lateral surface of the rib cage, responsible for scapular protraction & rotation
trapezius
large muscle that covers the upper back & neck, responsible for scapular elevation, retraction, & rotation
levator scapulae (deep)
muscle located deep in the neck responsible for scapular elevation
rhomboid major (deep)
deep muscle located between the scapula & spine, responsible for scapular retraction
rhomboid minor (deep)
deep muscle located between the scapula & spine, responsible for scapular retraction
thoracolumbar fascia
connective tissue that covers the lower back, providing support & attachment for muscles
deltoid anterior head
front portion of the deltoid muscle responsible for arm flexion & medial rotation
deltoid middle head
middle portion of the deltoid muscle responsible for arm abduction
deltoid posterior head
back portion of the deltoid muscle responsible for arm extension and lateral rotation
teres major
muscle located on the back of the shoulder, responsible for arm adduction and medial rotation
teres minor
small muscle located on the back of the shoulder, responsible for arm lateral rotation
supraspinatus
muscle located on the top of the shoulder blade, responsible for arm abduction
infraspinatus
muscle located on the back of the shoulder blade, responsible for arm lateral rotation
subscapularis
muscle located on the front of the shoulder blade, responsible for arm medial rotation
rectus abdominis
muscle located in the front of the abdomen, responsible for trunk flexion
external oblique
muscle located on the sides of the abdomen, responsible for trunk rotation and lateral flexion
tendinous inscriptions
fibrous bands that divide the rectus abdominis muscle into segments
erector spinae (deep)
group of muscles located along the spine, responsible for spinal extension and lateral flexion
gluteus medius
muscle located on the side of the hip, responsible for hip abduction and stabilization
gluteus maximus
large muscle located in the buttocks, responsible for hip extension
gluteus minimus
muscle located on the side of the hip, responsible for hip abduction and stabilization
biceps brachii short & long head
muscle located in the front of the upper arm, responsible for elbow flexion and forearm supination
brachialis
muscle located beneath the biceps brachii, responsible for elbow flexion
triceps brachii short & long head
muscle located in the back of the upper arm, responsible for elbow extension
tricep medial head
middle portion of the triceps brachii muscle
triceps brachii lateral head
outer portion of the triceps brachii muscle
pronator teres
muscle located in the forearm, responsible for forearm pronation
flexor carpi ulnaris
muscle located on the inner side of the forearm, responsible for wrist flexion and ulnar deviation
palmaris longus
muscle located on the inner side of the forearm, responsible for wrist flexion
flexor carpi radialis
muscle located on the outer side of the forearm, responsible for wrist flexion and radial deviation
brachioradialis
muscle located in the forearm, responsible for elbow flexion
extensor carpi radialis longus
muscle located on the outer side of the forearm, responsible for wrist extension and radial deviation
extensor carpi radialis brevis
muscle located on the outer side of the forearm, responsible for wrist extension and radial deviation
extensor digitorum
muscle located on the back of the forearm, responsible for finger extension
extensor digi minimi
muscle located on the back of the forearm, responsible for little finger extension
extensor carpi ulnaris
muscle located on the inner side of the forearm, responsible for wrist extension and ulnar deviation
abductor pollicis longus
muscle located on the back of the forearm, responsible for thumb abduction
extensor pollicis brevis
muscle located on the back of the forearm, responsible for thumb extension
extensor pollicis longus
muscle located on the back of the forearm, responsible for thumb extension
rectus femoris
muscle located in the front of the thigh, responsible for knee extension and hip flexion
vastus lateralis
muscle located on the outer side of the thigh, responsible for knee extension
vastus medialis
muscle located on the outer side of the thigh, responsible for knee extension
vastus intermedius
muscle located in the middle of the thigh, responsible for knee extension
tensor fasciae latae
muscle located on the side of the hip, responsible for hip abduction and stabilization
iliotibial band (IT band)
band of connective tissue that runs along the outside of the thigh, providing stability
iliacus
muscle located in the pelvis, responsible for hip flexion
psoas major
muscle located in the pelvis, responsible for hip flexion
sartorius
longest muscle in the body, responsible for hip flexion, knee flexion, and leg rotation
pectineus
muscle located in the hip, responsible for hip flexion and adduction
adductor longus
muscle located in the inner thigh, responsible for hip adduction
adductor brevis
muscle located in the inner thigh, responsible for hip adduction
adductor magnus
large muscle located in the inner thigh, responsible for hip adduction
gracilis
muscle located in the inner thigh, responsible for hip adduction and knee flexion
biceps femoris
muscle located in the back of the thigh, responsible for hip extension and knee flexion
semitendinosus
muscle located in the back of the thigh, responsible for hip extension and knee flexion
semimembranosus
muscle located in the back of the thigh, responsible for hip extension and knee flexion
gastrocnemius
calf muscle responsible for plantar flexion of the foot
soleus
muscle located beneath the gastrocnemius, responsible for plantar flexion of the foot
tibialis anterior
muscle located on the front of the lower leg, responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot
peroneus longus
muscle located on the outer side of the lower leg, responsible for eversion and plantar flexion of the foot
peroneus brevis
muscle located on the outer side of the lower leg, responsible for eversion and plantar flexion of the foot
flexor hallucis longus
muscle located on the back of the lower leg, responsible for flexion of the big toe
sternocleidomastoid
muscle located in the neck, responsible for neck flexion & rotation
omohyoid
muscle located in the neck, responsible for depression of the hyoid bone
sternohyoid
muscle located in the neck, responsible for the depression of the hyoid bone
frontalis
muscle located in the forehead, responsible for raising the eyebrows and wrinkling the forehead
temporalis
muscle located on the side of the head, responsible for jaw closure and chewing
occipital muscle
muscle located at the back of the head, responsible for moving the scalp
posterior articular muscle
muscle located behind the ear, responsible for moving the ear
orbicularis oculi
muscle surrounding the eye, responsible for closing the eyelids
corrugator
muscle located between the eyebrows, responsible for frowning
levator labii superioris
muscle located on the upper lip, responsible for raising the upper lip
nasalis
muscle located on the nose, responsible for compressing and dilating the nostrils
zygomaticus minor
muscle located on the cheek, responsible for raising the upper lip
zygomaticus major
muscle located on the cheek, responsible for raising the corners of the mouth
depressor labii inferioris
muscle located on the lower lip, responsible for lowering the lower lip
depressor anguli oris
muscle located at the corner of the mouth, responsible for lowering the corners of the mouth
mentalis
muscle located on the chin, responsible for raising and wrinkling the chin
buccinator
muscle located in the cheek, responsible for compressing the cheek
masseter
muscle located in the jaw, responsible for jaw closure and chewing