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Anatomy > Muscles of the Hand > Flashcards

Muscles of the Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Instrinsic muscles of the hand are responsible for

A

Fine motor functions of the hand

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2
Q

Instrinsic Muscles of the hand

A 
Adductor pollicus
Palmaris Brevis
Interossei
Lumbricals
Thenar
Hypothenar muscles
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3
Q

Thenar Muscles

A

These are three short muscles located at the base of the thumb. The muscle bellies produce a bulge, known as the thenar eminence. They are responsible for the fine movements of the thumb.

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4
Q

Nerve innervation of the thenar muscles

A

Median Nerve

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5
Q

Opponens Pollicus

A

The largest of the thenar muscles. This lies underneath the other two thenar muscles.

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6
Q

Opponens Pollicus Attachements

A

Originates from the tubercle of the trapezium and the associated flexor retinaculum. It inserts into the lateral margin of the metacarpal of the thumb

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7
Q

Opponens Pollicus Action

A

Opposes the thumb, by medially rotating and flexing the metacarpal on the trapezium

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8
Q

Aductor Pollicus Brevis

A

This muscle is found anteriorly to the opponens pollicus and proximal to the pollicus brevis

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9
Q

Attachments of Abductor Pollicus Brevis

A

Originates from the tubercles of the scaphoid and the trapezium, and from the associated flexor retinaculum. Attache to the lateral side of the proximal phalanx of the thumb.

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10
Q

Action of Abductor Pollicus Brevis

A

Abducts the thumb

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11
Q

Flexor Pollicus Brevis

A

This is the most distal of the thenar muscle

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12
Q

Attachements of Flexor Pollicus Brevis

A

Originates from the tubercle of the trapezium and the associated flexor retinaculum. Attaches to the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb.

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13
Q

Actions of Flexor Pollicus Brevis

A

Flexes the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb.

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14
Q

Hypothenar Eminence

A

This is is produced by the hypothenar muscles and is a muscular protrusion on the medial side of the palm, at the base of the little finger.

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15
Q

Innervation of Hypothenar Muscles

A

The Ulnar Nerve

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16
Q

Opponens Digiti Minimi attachments

A

Originates from the hook of the hamate and associated flexor retinaculum, inserts into the medial margin of metacapral 5.

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17
Q

Actions of opponens digiti minimi

A

It rotates the metacarpal of the little finger towards the palm, producing opposition.

18
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi attachments

A

Originates from the pisiform and the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris. It attaches to the base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger.

19
Q

Actions of abductor digiti minimi

A

Abducts the little finger

20
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis attachments

A

Originates from the hook of hamate and adjacent flexor retinaculum, and inserts into the base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger

21
Q

Actions of Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis attachments

A

Flexes the MCP joint of the little finger

22
Q

Lumbricals

A

These are four lumbricals in the hand, each associated with a finger. They are very crucial to finger movement, linking the extensor tendons to the flexor tendons

23
Q

Attachments of the lumbricals

A

Each lumbrical originates from a tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus. They pass dorsally and laterally around each finger, and inserts into the extensor hood.

24
Q

Actions of the Lumbrical muscles

A

The flex at the MCP joint, and extend at the interphalangeal (IP) joints of each finger.

25
Q

Innervation of the Lumbrical Muscles

A

The lateral two lumbricals (of the index and middle fingers) are innervated by the median nerve. The medial two lumbricals (of the little and ring fingers) are innervated by the ulnar nerve.

26
Q

Interossei

A

The interossei muscles are located between the metacarpals. They can be divided into two groups: the dorsal and palmar interossei

27
Q

Dorsal Interossei Attachments

A

Each interossei originates from the lateral and medial surfaces of the metacarpals. They attach into the extensor hood and proximal phalanx of each finger.

28
Q

Actions of the dorsal interossei

A

Abduct the fingers at the MCP joint

29
Q

Innervation of the dorsal interossei

A

Ulnar nerve

30
Q

Attachments of the Palmar Interossei

A

Each interossei originates from a medial or lateral surface of a metacarpal, and attaches into the extensor hood and proximal phalanx of same finger.

31
Q

Actions of the Palmar Interossei

A

Adducts the fingers at the MCP joint

32
Q

Innervation of the palmar interossei

A

Ulnar nerve

33
Q

Palmaris Brevis

A

A small thin muscles, found in the subcutaenous tissue of the hypothenar eminence

34
Q

Attachments of Palmaris Brevis

A

Originates from the palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum, attaches to the dermis of the skin on the medial margin of the hand.

35
Q

Actions of Palmaris Brevis

A

Wrinkles the skin of the hypothenar eminence and deepens the curvature of the hand, improving grip.

36
Q

Innervation of Palmaris Brevis

A

Ulnar Nerve

37
Q

Adductor Pollicus

A

This is large triangular muscle with two heads. The radial artery passes anteriorly through the space between the two heads, forming the deep palmar arch

38
Q

Attachments of Adductor Pollicus

A

One head originates from metacarpal III. The other head originates from the capitate and adjacent areas of metacarpals II and III. Both attach into the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

39
Q

Actions of Adductor Pollicus

A

Adductor of the thumb

40
Q

Innervation of adductor pollicus

A

Ulnar nerve

41
Q

Radial artery

A

contributes mainly to supply of the thumb and the lateral side of the index finger. As it tends to enter the hand dorsally it contributes mainly to the deep palmar arch.

42
Q

Ulnar Artery

A

contributes mainly to the supply of the rest of the digits, and the medial side of the index finger. The main contributor of the superficial arch.

Anatomy (17 decks)

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