Elbow Joint and Radio-Ulnar Joint

Question 1

Elbow Joint

Answer 1

Synovial hinge joint located 2-3cm below the humeral epicondyles

Question 2

Articulating surfaces of the Elbow Joint

Answer 2

Trochlear notch of the ulna and the trochlea of the humerus

Head of the radius and the capitulum of the humerus

Question 3

Joint capsule of the elbow joint

Answer 3

Capsule enclosing the joint. This in itself is strong and fibrous, strengthening the joint. The joint capsule is thickened medially and laterally to form collateral ligaments which stabilise the flexing and extending motion.

Question 4

Bursa

Answer 4

A bursa is a membranous sac filled with synovial fluid. It acts to cushion the moving parts of a joint, preventing degenerative damage

Question 5

Intratendinous Bursa

Answer 5

Locate within the tendon of triceps brachii

Question 6

Subtendinous bursa

Answer 6

Between the olecranon and the tendon of the triceps brachii, reducing the friction between the two structures during extension and flexion of the arm

Question 7

Subcutaneous Bursa

Answer 7

Between the olecranon and the overlying tissue

Question 8

Radial Collateral Ligament

Answer 8

Found on the lateral side of the joint extending from the lateral epicondyle and blending with the annular ligament of the radius

Question 9

Ulnar Collateral Ligament

Answer 9

Originates from the medial epicondyle and attaches to the coronoid process and the olecranon of the ulna

Question 10

Arterial Supply of the elbow joint

Answer 10

Cubital anastamosis which includes recurrent and collateral branches from the brachial and deep brachial arteries

Question 11

Nerve supply of the elbow joint

Answer 11

Median, musculocutaneous and radial nerves anteriorly and the ulnar nerve posteriorly.

Question 12

Extension of the elbow

Answer 12

Triceps brachii and anconeus

Question 13

Flexion of the elbow

Answer 13

Brachialis, biceps brachii and brachioradialis

Question 14

Bursitis of the Elbow

Answer 14

“student elbow”

Question 15

Type of joint radio-ulnar

Answer 15

Synovial pivot joint

Question 16

Proximal radioulnar joint

Answer 16

This is located near the elbow and is an articulation between the head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna

Question 17

Distal radioulnar joint

Answer 17

This is located near the wrist and is an articulation between the ulnar notch of the radius and the ulnar head

Question 18

Radial head is held in place by

Answer 18

Annular radial ligament which froms a collar around the joint, it is also lined by synovial membrane

Question 19

Movement of the proximal radioulnar joint

Answer 19

Produced by the head of the radius rotating within the annular ligament

Question 20

Pronation

Answer 20

Produced by the pronator quadratus and pronator teres

Question 21

Supination

Answer 21

Supinator and biceps brachii

Question 22

Ligaments strengthening the distal radioulnar joint

Answer 22

Anterior and posterior ligaments, fibrocartilaginous ligament called the articular disk

Question 23

Articular disk of the distal radioulnar joint

Answer 23

Binds the radius and ulna together and holds them during movement at the joint

Seperates the distal radioulnar joint from the wrist joint

Question 24

Movement at the distal radioulnar joint

Answer 24

Ulnar notch of the radius slides anteriorly over the head of the ulnar

Question 25

Interosseus Membrane

Answer 25

Sheet of connective tissue that joins the radius and ulna together. It spans the distance between the medial radial border and the lateral ulnar border.

Question 26

Three major functions of the Interosseus Membrane

Answer 26

Holds the radius and ulna together during pronation and supination

Acts as a site of attachment for muscles in the anteror and posterior compartment of the forearm

Transfers forces from the radius to the ulna