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Gross Anatomy > Muscles of the Back > Flashcards

Muscles of the Back Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius Origin

A

Spinous processes (C7, thoracic vertebrae)
Nuchal ligament
External occipial protuberance

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2
Q

Trapezius Insertion

A

Superior: Lateral 3rd of clavicle

Middle: Acromion, spine of scapula

Inferior: Middle end of spine of scapula

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3
Q

Trapezius Action

A

Superior: Elevates scapula

Middle: Retracts and rotates scapula

Inferior: Depresses scapula

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4
Q

Trapezius Arterial Supply

A

Superficial branch of transverse cervical artery

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5
Q

Trapezius Innervation

A

Motor: Cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory nerve)

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6
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Origin

A 
Spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae
Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliac crest
Ribs 9-12
(Scapula)
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7
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Insertion

A

Lesser tubercule of humerus (Intertubercular groove on anterior side of humerus)

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8
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Action

A

Extends, adducts, medially rotates humerus, elevates body

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9
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Arterial Supply

A

Thoracodorsal artery

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10
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-8)

Received near the insertion point

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11
Q

Rhomboid Minor Origin

A

Spinous processes of C6 & C7

Deep to the trapezius

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12
Q

Rhomboid Minor Insertion

A

Medial border of scapula at level of spine

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13
Q

Rhomboid Minor Action

A

Connects scapula to spinal column

Retracts and rotates scapula down and towards the spine

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14
Q

Rhomboid Minor Arterial Supply

A

Dorsal scapular artery (either from subclavian artery or deep branch of transverse cervical artery)

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15
Q

Rhomboid Minor Innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (ventral rami of C5)

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16
Q

Rhomboid Major Origin

A

Spinous processes of T1-T4

Lies deep to trapezius

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17
Q

Rhomboid Major Insertion

A

Medial border of scapula inferior to spine

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18
Q

Rhomboid Major Action

A

Connects scapula to spinal column

Retracts and rotates scapula down and toward spine

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19
Q

Rhomboid Major Arterial Supply

A

Dorsal scapular artery (either from subclavian artery or deep branch of transverse cervical artery)

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20
Q

Rhomboid Major Innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (ventral rami of C4 & C5)

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21
Q

Levator Scapulae Origin

A

Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

Lies deep to trapezius in same plane as rhomboids

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22
Q

Levator Scapulae Insertion

A

Superior angle of scapula

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23
Q

Levator Scapulae Action

A

Elevates and rotates scapula

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24
Q

Levator Scapulae Arterial Supply

A

Dorsal scapular artery (either from subclavian artery or deep branch of transverse cervical artery)

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25
Q

Levator Scapulae Innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (ventral rami of C3-5)

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26
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior Origin

A

Spinous processes of C7 and upper thoracic vertebrae

Lower nuchal ligament

Lies deep to rhomboids

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27
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior Insertion

A

Superior border of ribs 2-5

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28
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior Action

A

Elevates ribs, assists forced inspiration

29
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior Arterial Supply

A

Intercostal arteries

30
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior Innervation

A

Ventral rami of intercostal nerves T2-T5

31
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior Origin

A

Spinous processes of T11-L2

Lies deep to the latissimus dorsi

32
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior Insertion

A

Inferior border of ribs 9-12

33
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior Action

A

Depresses ribs, assists forced expiration

34
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior Arterial Supply

A

Intercostal arteries

35
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior Innervation

A

Ventral rami of intercostal nerves T9-T12

36
Q

<p>Splenius Cervicis Origin</p>

A

<p>Spinous processes of T3-T6 Lower nuchal ligament Lies deep to trapezius</p>

37
Q

Splenius Cervicis Insertion

A

Tubercules of transverse processes of C1-C3 (directed superior and lateral)

38
Q

Splenius Cervicis Action

A

Acting alone: Laterally flex neck and rotate head to side of active muscles

Acting together: Extend head and neck

39
Q

Splenius Cervicis Innervation

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

40
Q

Splenius Capitis Origin

A

Spinous processes of C7-T3

Lower nuchal ligament

Lies deep to trapezius

Differs from cervicis at insertion

41
Q

Splenius Capitis Insertion

A

Mastoid process of temporal bone

Lateral third of superior nuchal line

Directed superior and lateral

42
Q

Splenius Capitis Action

A

Acting alone: Laterally flex neck and rotate head to side of active muscles

Acting together: Extend head and neck

43
Q

Splenius Capitis Innervation

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

44
Q

Divisions of Erector Spinae (Medial to Lateral)

A

Spinalis > Longissimus > Iliocostalis

45
Q

Spinalis Origin

A

Spinous processes of lower cervical, thoracic and upper lumbar regions

46
Q

Spinalis Insertion

A

Spinour processes in cervical and thoracic regions

47
Q

Spinalis and Longissimus Arterial Supply

A

Lateral sacral artery

48
Q

Divisions of Erector Spinae (Superior to Inferior)

A

Capitis > Cervicis > Thoracis > Lumborum

49
Q

Longissimus Origin

50
Q

Longissimus Insertion

A

Ribs

Transverse processes of T & C vertebrae

Mastoid Process

51
Q

Iliocostalis Origin

A

Sacrum

Iliac crest

52
Q

Iliocostalis Insertion

A

Inferior border of ribs

C4-C7 transverse processes

53
Q

Iliocostalis Arterial Supply

A

Intercostal and lumbar arteries

54
Q

Erector Spinae Action

A

Acting alone: Laterally flex vertebral column to side of active muscles

Acting together: Extend vertebral column and head

55
Q

Erector Spinae Innervation

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

56
Q

Muscles of Transversospinal Group

A

Semispinalis (capitis and cervicis), multifidus & rotatores

57
Q

Semispinalis Capitis/Cervicis Origin

A

Transverse processes of lower cervical vertebrae and thoracic vertebrae

58
Q

Semispinalis Capitis Insertion

A

Occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines

59
Q

Semispinalis Cervicis Insertion

A

Cervical and thoracic spinous processes

60
Q

Semispinalis Capitis/Cervicis Action

A

Extend and contralaterally rotate head and thoracic/cervical region of vertebral column

61
Q

Rotatores Origin

A

Transverse processes in thoracic and lumbar regions (best developed in thoracic region)

62
Q

Rotatores Insertion

A

Attach to junction of lamina and transverse processes

OR

Spinous process of vertebra immediately (brevis) or 2 segments (longus) superior to vertebra of attachment

63
Q

Multifidus & Rotatores Action

A

Assists with stabilization, extension, & contralateral rotation of head, neck, & vertebral column

64
Q

Innervation of Transversospinal Group

A

Dorsal Rami of Spinal Nerves

Semispinalis Capitis - Greater Occipital Nerve (C2)

65
Q

Interspinalis Origin

A

Superior surface of spinous processes of cervical and lumbar vertebrae

66
Q

Interspinalis Insertion

A

Inferior surface of spinous processes of vertebrae directly above

67
Q

Interspinalis Action

A

Extension of vertebral column

68
Q

Interspinalis Innervation

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Gross Anatomy (9 decks)

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