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FINAL EXAM ANATOMY > MUSCLES OF POTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL AND PELVIS AND PERINEUM > Flashcards

MUSCLES OF POTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL AND PELVIS AND PERINEUM Flashcards

1
Q

what is the innervation of the external anal sphincter?

A

perineal and inferior anal nerves

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2
Q

what is the action of the external anal sphincter?

A

constrict anal canal

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3
Q

what is the superior attachment of the external anal sphincter?

A

anococcygeal ligament

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4
Q

what is the inferior attachment of the external anal sphincter?

A

perineal body

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5
Q

what is the medial attachment of the obturator internus?

A

-internal surface of obturator membrane and bones

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6
Q

what is the lateral attachment of the obturator internus?

A

medial aspect of greater trochanter or femur

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7
Q

what is the innervation of the obturator internus?

A
  • nerve to obturator internus L5-S1
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8
Q

what is the action of the obturator internus?

A
  • laterally rotates and transversley abducts thigh at hip joint
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9
Q

what is the tendinous arch?

A

the thickened fascia over the obturator internus muscles which provides attachment for pelvic diaphragm.

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10
Q

name the parts of the pelvic diaphragm

A

-(Ischio)coccygeus Levator ani = Iliococcygeus + Pubococcygeus + Puborectalis
-Superficial transverse perineal Bulbospongiosus
-Ischiocavernosus

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11
Q

what is the action for the ischiococcygeus muscle?

A

provide structural support to pelvic structures

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12
Q

what is the innervation for the ischiococcygeus muscle?

A

anterior rami of 4-5 sacral nerves

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13
Q

what is the medial attachment for the ischiococcygeus muscle?

A

ischial spine

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14
Q

what is the lateral attachment for the ischiococcygeus muscle?

A

-anterolateral aspects of sacrum and coccyx

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15
Q

what are the 2 muscles of the pelvic diaphragm?

A
  • coccygeus
    -levator ani mucles
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16
Q

what is the levator ani mucles?

A
  • illiococcoygeus
  • pubococcygeus
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17
Q

what is the iliococcygeus muscle innervation

A

nerve to levator ani muscle

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18
Q

Illiococcygeus action

A
  • fecal continence
  • provide structural support
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19
Q

iliococcygeus medial insertion

A
  • ischial spine and tendinous arch of levator ani
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20
Q

illiococcygeus lateral insertion

A

-coccyx
-iliococcygeal raphe
-anococcygeal ligament

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21
Q

pubococcygeus innervation

A

-nerve to levator ani S3-S4
- inferior anal and perineal nerve

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22
Q

Pubococcygeus action

A
  • structural support
  • urinary fecal continence
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23
Q

Pubococcygeus medial attachment

A

-posterior aspect of body of pubis
- tendinous arch of levator ani

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24
Q

pubococcygeus lateral attachment

A
  • coccyx
    -pubococcygeus tendon
  • perineal body
  • lateral walls of vagina and prostates
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25
Q

puborectalis action

A
  • fecal continence
  • structural support
26
Q

puborectalis innervation

A

-nerve to levator ani muscle S3-S4
- inferior anal and perineal nerves

27
Q

puborectalis medial attachment

A

posterior part of body of pubis

28
Q

puborectalis lateral attachment

A

fibers around posterior aspect of anorectal junction

29
Q

superficial transverse perineal action

A
  • stabilize perineal body
  • provide structural support
30
Q

superficial transverse perineal innervation

A

perineal nerve S2-S4

31
Q

superficial transverse medial attachment

A

-ischial tuberosity
- ramus of ischium

32
Q

superficial transverse lateral attachment

A

perineal body

33
Q

Bulbospongiosus action

A

-female- stabilizes perineal body / expresses secretions of greater vestibular glands/ assists in erection of clitoris
-male- stabilizes perineal body / expels urine and semen from urethra/ assists in erection of penis

34
Q

Bulbospongiosus innervation

A

S2-S4 perineal nerve

35
Q

Bulbospongiosus medial attachment

A

-female- perineal body
-male- perineal body and medial raphe on ventral aspect of penis

36
Q

Bulbospongiosus lateral attachment

A

-female- perineal membrane/ corpora cavernosa of clitoris
-male- perineal membrane and dorsal aspects of corpus spongiosum and corpora cavernosa of penis

37
Q

Ischiocavernosus lateral attachment

A

Ischial tuberosity and ramus

38
Q

ischiocavernosus medial attachment

A

Crus of clitoris or penis

39
Q

ischiocavernosus innervation

A

Deep branch of perineal nerve (of pudendal nerve) (S2-S4)

40
Q

ishiocavernosis action

A

Pushes blood from root of clitoris/penis to body i.e. maintains erection of penis/clitori

41
Q

psoas major innervation

A

anterior rami of 1st 2nd 3rd lumbar nerves

42
Q

psoas major action

A

-flexes thigh at hip joint
-flexes trunk

43
Q

psoas major superior attachment

A

-transverse process of L1-L5 vertebrae
-vertebral bodies of T12-L5 + discs

44
Q

psoas major inferior attachment

A

lesser trochanter of femur

45
Q

psoas minor innervation

A

anterior ramus of 1st lumbar nerve

46
Q

psoas minor action

A

assists in flexion of trunk

47
Q

psoas minor superior attachment

A

vertebral bodies of T12-L1 and IV discs

48
Q

psoas minor inferior attachment

A

iliopectineal eminence and pecten pubis of hip bone

49
Q

iliacus superior attachment

A
  • iliac crest
    -superior 2/3 of iliac fossa
    -ala of sacrum
    -anterior sacroiliac ligamentas
50
Q

iliacus inferior attachment

A

lesser trochanter of femur via tendon of psoas major

51
Q

iliacus innervation

A

femoral nerve L2-3

52
Q

iliacus action

A

-flexes thigh at hip joint
-flexes trunk

53
Q

quadratus lumborum action

A
  • extends and laterally flexes trunk
    -stabilizes 12th rib during inspiration
54
Q

Quadratus lumborum innervation

A

anterior rami of 12th thoracic and 1st-4th lumbar nerves

55
Q

Quadratus lumborum inferior attachment

A

-posterior 1/2 of iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament

56
Q

Quadratus lumborum superior attachment

A

-inferior border of 12th rib
-transverse process of 1st-4th lumbar vertebrae

57
Q

diaphragm innervation

A

-motor = phrenic nerve C3-5
- sensory = phrenic nerves and lower intercostal nerves

58
Q

Diaphragm action

A

primary muscles of inspiration

59
Q

Diaphragm superior attachment

A

-xiphoid process
- internal surfaces of 7th-12th costal cartilages =ribs
-medial and lateral arcuate ligaments
-L1-3 vertebrae

60
Q

Diaphragm inferior attachment

A

central tendon

FINAL EXAM ANATOMY (8 decks)

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